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Existing multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods for visually rich documents (VRD) are often biased towards retrieving salient knowledge(e.g., prominent text and visual elements), while largely neglecting the critical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Anyang Tong , Xiang Niu , ZhiPing Liu , Chang Tian , Yanyan Wei , Zenglin Shi , Meng Wang

The rapid growth of video on the internet has made searching for video content using natural language queries a significant challenge. Human-generated queries for video datasets `in the wild' vary a lot in terms of degree of specificity,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Yang Liu , Samuel Albanie , Arsha Nagrani , Andrew Zisserman

Multilingual (or cross-lingual) embeddings represent several languages in a unique vector space. Using a common embedding space enables for a shared semantic between words from different languages. In this paper, we propose to embed images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Maxime Portaz , Hicham Randrianarivo , Adrien Nivaggioli , Estelle Maudet , Christophe Servan , Sylvain Peyronnet

Visual RAG has offered an alternative to traditional RAG. It treats documents as images and uses vision encoders to obtain vision patch tokens. However, hundreds of patch tokens per document create retrieval and storage challenges in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ho Hung Lim , Yi Yang

Multi-modal document pre-trained models have proven to be very effective in a variety of visually-rich document understanding (VrDU) tasks. Though existing document pre-trained models have achieved excellent performance on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Chuwei Luo , Guozhi Tang , Qi Zheng , Cong Yao , Lianwen Jin , Chenliang Li , Yang Xue , Luo Si

The explosive growth of video streaming presents challenges in achieving high accuracy and low training costs for video-language retrieval. However, existing methods rely on large-scale pre-training to improve video retrieval performance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Haoyu Zhao , Jiaxi Gu , Shicong Wang , Xing Zhang , Hang Xu , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Intelligence analysts perform sensemaking over collections of documents using various visual and analytic techniques to gain insights from large amounts of text. As data scales grow, our work explores how to leverage two AI technologies,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Adam Coscia , Alex Endert

Text--image retrieval is necessary for applications such as product recommendation. Embedding-based approaches like CLIP enable efficient large-scale retrieval via vector similarity search, but they are primarily trained on literal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Eric He , Akash Gupta , Adian Liusie , Vatsal Raina , Piotr Molenda , Shirom Chabra , Vyas Raina

Effectively retrieving, reasoning and understanding visually rich information remains a challenge for RAG methods. Traditional text-based methods cannot handle visual-related information. On the other hand, current vision-based RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Yu Zeng , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Shihang Wang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Feng Zhao

In this paper, we introduce Technical-Embeddings, a novel framework designed to optimize semantic retrieval in technical documentation, with applications in both hardware and software development. Our approach addresses the challenges of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Songjiang Lai , Tsun-Hin Cheung , Ka-Chun Fung , Kaiwen Xue , Kwan-Ho Lin , Yan-Ming Choi , Vincent Ng , Kin-Man Lam

Keyword-based searches are today's standard in digital libraries. Yet, complex retrieval scenarios like in scientific knowledge bases, need more sophisticated access paths. Although each document somewhat contributes to a domain's body of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Hermann Kroll , Pascal Sackhoff , Timo Breuer , Ralf Schenkel , Wolf-Tilo Balke

Tabular data is frequently captured in image form across a wide range of real-world scenarios such as financial reports, handwritten records, and document scans. These visual representations pose unique challenges for machine understanding,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuoyan Xu , Haoyang Fang , Boran Han , Bonan Min , Bernie Wang , Cuixiong Hu , Shuai Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems fail when documents evolve through versioning-a ubiquitous characteristic of technical documentation. Existing approaches achieve only 58-64% accuracy on version-sensitive questions, retrieving…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Daniel Huwiler , Kurt Stockinger , Jonathan Fürst

Most previous work on the recently developed language-modeling approach to information retrieval focuses on document-specific characteristics, and therefore does not take into account the structure of the surrounding corpus. We propose a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Oren Kurland , Lillian Lee

Question answering over visually rich documents (VRDs) requires reasoning not only over isolated content but also over documents' structural organization and cross-page dependencies. However, conventional retrieval-augmented generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhivar Sourati , Zheng Wang , Marianne Menglin Liu , Yazhe Hu , Mengqing Guo , Sujeeth Bharadwaj , Kyu Han , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Morteza Dehghani , Dan Roth

Recent studies have proposed leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as information retrievers through query rewriting. However, for challenging corpora, we argue that enhancing queries alone is insufficient for robust semantic matching;…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jingming Liu , Yumeng Li , Wei Shi , Yao-Xiang Ding , Hui Su , Kun Zhou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is essential for integrating external knowledge into Large Language Model (LLM) outputs. While the literature on RAG is growing, it primarily focuses on systematic reviews and comparisons of new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Matouš Eibich , Shivay Nagpal , Alexander Fred-Ojala

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding multimodal inputs and have been widely integrated into Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based conversational systems. While current VLM-powered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jingwei Yi , Junhao Yin , Ju Xu , Peng Bao , Yongliang Wang , Wei Fan , Hao Wang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven interest in billion-scale retrieval models with strong generalization across retrieval tasks and languages. Additionally, progress in large vision-language models has created…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Xueguang Ma , Luyu Gao , Shengyao Zhuang , Jiaqi Samantha Zhan , Jamie Callan , Jimmy Lin