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Subtask distillation is an emerging paradigm in which compact, specialized models are extracted from large, general-purpose 'foundation models' for deployment in environments with limited resources or in standalone computer systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Pattarawat Chormai , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

Knowledge distillation has made remarkable achievements in model compression. However, most existing methods require the original training data, which is usually unavailable due to privacy and security issues. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Xinyi Yu , Ling Yan , Yang Yang , Libo Zhou , Linlin Ou

Representation-based retrieval models, so-called bi-encoders, estimate the relevance of a document to a query by calculating the similarity of their respective embeddings. Current state-of-the-art bi-encoders are trained using an expensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Lukas Gienapp , Niklas Deckers , Martin Potthast , Harrisen Scells

Dataset distillation compresses a large dataset into a small synthetic subset that retains essential information. Existing methods assume that all samples are perfectly labeled, limiting their real-world applications where incorrect labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Zhuojie Wu , Yanbin Liu , Xin Shen , Xiaofeng Cao , Xin Yu

Recent years have witnessed great strides in self-supervised learning (SSL) on the speech processing. The SSL model is normally pre-trained on a great variety of unlabelled data and a large model size is preferred to increase the modeling…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-08 Yujin Wang , Changli Tang , Ziyang Ma , Zhisheng Zheng , Xie Chen , Wei-Qiang Zhang

Deep learning for Information Retrieval (IR) requires a large amount of high-quality query-document relevance labels, but such labels are inherently sparse. Label smoothing redistributes some observed probability mass over unobserved…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Jihyuk Kim , Minsoo Kim , Seung-won Hwang

Knowledge distillation has been widely used to produce portable and efficient neural networks which can be well applied on edge devices for computer vision tasks. However, almost all top-performing knowledge distillation methods need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Haoran Zhao , Xin Sun , Junyu Dong , Hui Yu , Huiyu Zhou

Due to constraints on privacy, cost, and latency, on-premise deployment of small models is increasingly common. However, most practical pipelines stop at supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and fail to reach the reinforcement learning (RL)…

Although more layers and more parameters generally improve the accuracy of the models, such big models generally have high computational complexity and require big memory, which exceed the capacity of small devices for inference and incurs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Ji Liu , Daxiang Dong , Xi Wang , An Qin , Xingjian Li , Patrick Valduriez , Dejing Dou , Dianhai Yu

Dataset distillation creates a small distilled set that enables efficient training by capturing key information from the full dataset. While existing dataset distillation methods perform well on balanced datasets, they struggle under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xiao Cui , Yulei Qin , Xinyue Li , Wengang Zhou , Hongsheng Li , Houqiang Li

Distillation is a method to transfer knowledge from one model to another and often achieves higher accuracy with the same capacity. In this paper, we aim to provide a theoretical understanding on what mainly helps with the distillation. Our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-04 Bin Dong , Jikai Hou , Yiping Lu , Zhihua Zhang

Model compression and knowledge distillation have been successfully applied for cross-architecture and cross-domain transfer learning. However, a key requirement is that training examples are in correspondence across the domains. We show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Jong-Chyi Su , Subhransu Maji

We present a new method for making diffusion models faster to sample. The method distills many-step diffusion models into few-step models by matching conditional expectations of the clean data given noisy data along the sampling trajectory.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Tim Salimans , Thomas Mensink , Jonathan Heek , Emiel Hoogeboom

Few-shot learning deals with problems such as image classification using very few training examples. Recent vision foundation models show excellent few-shot transfer abilities, but are large and slow at inference. Using knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Erik Landolsi , Fredrik Kahl

High-quality labeled data is essential for training accurate document conversion models, particularly in domains with complex formats such as tables, formulas, and multi-column text. However, manual annotation is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yuan Liu , Zhongyin Zhao , Le Tian , Haicheng Wang , Xubing Ye , Yangxiu You , Zilin Yu , Chuhan Wu , Xiao Zhou , Yang Yu , Jie Zhou

Large-scale contrastive learning models can learn very informative sentence embeddings, but are hard to serve online due to the huge model size. Therefore, they often play the role of "teacher", transferring abilities to small "student"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Jue Wang , Liangjun Zang , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

While large audio language models excel at tasks like ASR and emotion recognition, they still struggle with complex reasoning due to the modality gap between audio and text as well as the lack of structured intermediate supervision. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Runyan Yang , Yuke Si , Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

The development of computer vision solutions for gigapixel images in digital pathology is hampered by significant computational limitations due to the large size of whole slide images. In particular, digitizing biopsies at high resolutions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Rocío del Amor , Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Adrián Colomer , Valery Naranjo

Knowledge distillation, the technique of transferring knowledge from large, complex models to smaller ones, marks a pivotal step towards efficient AI deployment. Distilling Step-by-Step~(DSS), a novel method utilizing chain-of-thought~(CoT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xin Chen , Hanxian Huang , Yanjun Gao , Yi Wang , Jishen Zhao , Ke Ding

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved remarkable success across various speech-processing tasks. To enhance its efficiency, previous works often leverage the use of compression techniques. A notable recent attempt is DPHuBERT, which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Luca Zampierin , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Bac Nguyen , Mirco Ravanelli