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Related papers: QUEEN: Query Unlearning against Model Extraction

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Model stealing, i.e., unauthorized access and exfiltration of deep learning models, has become one of the major threats. Proprietary models may be protected by access controls and encryption. However, in reality, these measures can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yuling Cai , Fan Xiang , Guozhu Meng , Yinzhi Cao , Kai Chen

Language models are prone to memorizing their training data, making them vulnerable to extraction attacks. While existing research often examines isolated setups, such as a single model or a fixed prompt, real-world adversaries have a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yash More , Prakhar Ganesh , Golnoosh Farnadi

The deployment of machine learning models in operational contexts represents a significant investment for any organisation. Consequently, the risk of these models being misappropriated by competitors needs to be addressed. In recent years,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Augustin Godinot , Erwan Le Merrer , Camilla Penzo , François Taïani , Gilles Trédan

Quantum machine learning (QML) has the potential to achieve quantum advantage for specific tasks by combining quantum computation with classical machine learning (ML). In classical ML, a significant challenge is membership-privacy leakage,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Junjian Su , Runze He , Guanghui Li , Sujuan Qin , Zhimin He , Haozhen Situ , Fei Gao

Machine learning models trained on vast amounts of real or synthetic data often achieve outstanding predictive performance across various domains. However, this utility comes with increasing concerns about privacy, as the training data may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Binhao Ma , Tianhang Zheng , Hongsheng Hu , Di Wang , Shuo Wang , Zhongjie Ba , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have shown significant value across domains, with well-trained QNNs representing critical intellectual property often deployed via cloud-based QNN-as-a-Service (QNNaaS) platforms. Recent work has examined QNN…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Zhenxiao Fu , Leyi Zhao , Xuhong Zhang , Yilun Xu , Gang Huang , Fan Chen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate general intelligence across a variety of machine learning tasks, thereby enhancing the commercial value of their intellectual property (IP). To protect this IP, model owners typically allow user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Kaiyi Pang , Tao Qi , Chuhan Wu , Minhao Bai , Minghu Jiang , Yongfeng Huang

Privacy preserving has become increasingly critical with the emergence of social media. Unlearnable examples have been proposed to avoid leaking personal information on the Internet by degrading generalization abilities of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yifan Zhu , Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao

With the extensive use of machine learning technologies, data providers encounter increasing privacy risks. Recent legislation, such as GDPR, obligates organizations to remove requested data and its influence from a trained model. Machine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Hengzhu Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Ping Xiong

The success of deep learning in medical imaging applications has led several companies to deploy proprietary models in diagnostic workflows, offering monetized services. Even though model weights are hidden to protect the intellectual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Ankita Raj , Harsh Swaika , Deepankar Varma , Chetan Arora

While deep learning models have shown significant performance across various domains, their deployment needs extensive resources and advanced computing infrastructure. As a solution, Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has emerged,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yi Xie , Jie Zhang , Shiqian Zhao , Tianwei Zhang , Xiaofeng Chen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) deployed in a cloud often allow users to query models via the APIs. However, these APIs expose the models to model extraction attacks (MEAs). In this attack, the attacker attempts to duplicate the target model by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Satoru Koda , Ikuya Morikawa

Obtaining the state of the art performance of deep learning models imposes a high cost to model generators, due to the tedious data preparation and the substantial processing requirements. To protect the model from unauthorized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Masoumeh Shafieinejad , Jiaqi Wang , Nils Lukas , Xinda Li , Florian Kerschbaum

Model extraction attacks are a kind of attacks in which an adversary obtains a new model, whose performance is equivalent to that of a target model, via query access to the target model efficiently, i.e., fewer datasets and computational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Tatsuya Takemura , Naoto Yanai , Toru Fujiwara

With the widespread adoption of edge computing technologies and the increasing prevalence of deep learning models in these environments, the security risks and privacy threats to models and data have grown more acute. Attackers can exploit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Peihao Li

Despite the broad application of Machine Learning models as a Service (MLaaS), they are vulnerable to model stealing attacks. These attacks can replicate the model functionality by using the black-box query process without any prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Jun Guo , Aishan Liu , Xingyu Zheng , Siyuan Liang , Yisong Xiao , Yichao Wu , Xianglong Liu

Data-free model stealing involves replicating the functionality of a target model into a substitute model without accessing the target model's structure, parameters, or training data. The adversary can only access the target model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Gaozheng Pei , Shaojie lyu , Ke Ma , Pinci Yang , Qianqian Xu , Yingfei Sun

Self-supervised models are increasingly prevalent in machine learning (ML) since they reduce the need for expensively labeled data. Because of their versatility in downstream applications, they are increasingly used as a service exposed via…

With the continued advancement and widespread adoption of machine learning (ML) models across various domains, ensuring user privacy and data security has become a paramount concern. In compliance with data privacy regulations, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Nexhi Sula , Abhinav Kumar , Jie Hou , Han Wang , Reza Tourani

This paper investigates the piracy problem of deep learning models. Designing and training a well-performing model is generally expensive. However, when releasing them, attackers may reverse engineer the models and pirate their design. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Hui Xu , Yuxin Su , Zirui Zhao , Yangfan Zhou , Michael R. Lyu , Irwin King
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