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Agent-based modelling (ABM) is a facet of wider Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) research that explores the collective behaviour of individual `agents', and the implications that their behaviour and interactions have for wider systemic behaviour.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Nick Malleson , Mark Birkin , Daniel Birks , Jiaqi Ge , Alison Heppenstall , Ed Manley , Josie McCulloch , Patricia Ternes

The study of system complexity primarily has two objectives: to explore underlying patterns and to develop theoretical explanations. Pattern exploration seeks to clarify the mechanisms behind the emergence of system complexity, while…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Xiao Xue , Deyu Zhou , Ming Zhang , Xiangning Yu , Fei-Yue Wang

This work outlines the modeling steps for developing a tool aimed at supporting policymakers in guiding policies toward more sustainable wheat production. In the agricultural sector,policies affect a highly diverse set of farms, which…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-03 Gianfranco Giuloni , Edmondo Di Giuseppe , Arianna Di Paola

Agent-based simulators (ABS) are a popular epidemiological modelling tool to study the impact of various non-pharmaceutical interventions in managing an epidemic in a city (or a region). They provide the flexibility to accurately model a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-13 Daksh Mittal , Sandeep Juneja

Agent-Based Models (ABM) are computational scenario-generators, which can be used to predict the possible future outcomes of the complex system they represent. To better understand the robustness of these predictions, it is necessary to…

General Economics · Economics 2022-08-08 Karl Naumann-Woleske , Max Sina Knicker , Michael Benzaquen , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

The reproduction of realistic dynamics in financial markets is of great significance, as it enhances our understanding of market evolution beyond other physical processes, and facilitates the development and backtesting of investment…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Tianlang He , Fengming Zhu , Keyan Lu , Chang Xu , Yang Liu , Weiqing Liu , Fangzhen Lin , S. -H. Gary Chan , Jiang Bian

Nowadays, we are surrounded by a large number of complex phenomena ranging from rumor spreading, social norms formation to rise of new economic trends and disruption of traditional businesses. To deal with such phenomena,Complex Adaptive…

Over the years, population-level tobacco control policies have considerably reduced smoking prevalence worldwide. However, the rate of decline of smoking prevalence is slowing down. Therefore, there is a need for models that capture the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-07-19 Adarsh Prabhakaran , Valerio Restocchi , Benjamin D. Goddard

To understand complex system dynamics in dairy farming, it is essential to use modeling tools that capture farm heterogeneity, social interactions, and cumulative environmental impacts. This study proposes an agent-based modeling (ABM)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Surya Jayakumar , Kieran Sullivan , John McLaughlin , Christine OMeara , Indrakshi Dey

Agent-Based Models (ABMs) are used in several fields to study the evolution of complex systems from micro-level assumptions. However, ABMs typically can not estimate agent-specific (or "micro") variables: this is a major limitation which…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-24 Corrado Monti , Marco Pangallo , Gianmarco De Francisci Morales , Francesco Bonchi

Coupled human-environment systems are increasingly being understood as complex adaptive systems (CAS), in which micro-level interactions between components lead to emergent behavior. Agent-based models (ABMs) hold great promise for…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-20 Dylan Munson , Arijit Dey , Simon Mak

Emerging infectious diseases and climate change are two of the major challenges in 21st century. Although over the past decades, highly-resolved mathematical models have contributed in understanding dynamics of infectious diseases and are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-13 Julia Bicker , René Schmieding , Michael Meyer-Hermann , Martin J. Kühn

The global economy is one of today's major challenges, with increasing relevance in recent decades. A frequent observation by policy makers is the lack of tools that help at least to understand, if not predict, economic crises. Currently,…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-16 Martin Jaraiz

Agent-based modeling (ABM) has become a cornerstone of complexity science, enabling the study of heterogeneous agents interacting within dynamic environments. Among ABM frameworks, John Conway's Game of Life (GoL) stands out for its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Bruce Deng , Mayank Kejriwal

This paper presents a hybrid modeling approach that couples an Agent-Based Model (ABM) with a partial differential equation (PDE) model in an epidemic setting to simulate the spatial spread of infectious diseases using a compartmental…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kristina Kehrer , Tim O. F. Conrad

We review the agent-based models (ABM) on social physics including econophysics. The ABM consists of agent, system space, and external environment. The agent is autonomous and decides his/her behavior by interacting with the neighbors or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-13 Le Anh Quang , Nam Jung , Eun Sung Cho , Jae Hwan Choi , Jae Woo Lee

The increasing difficulties in financing the welfare state and in particular public retirement pensions have been one of the outcomes both of the decrease of fertility and birth rates combined with the increase of life expectancy. The…

General Economics · Economics 2019-09-20 Sérgio Bacelar , Luis Antunes

Criminal organizations exploit their presence on territories and local communities to recruit new workforce in order to carry out their criminal activities and business. The ability to attract individuals is crucial for maintaining power…

Mechanistic simulators are an indispensable tool for epidemiology to explore the behavior of complex, dynamic infections under varying conditions and navigate uncertain environments. Agent-based models (ABMs) are an increasingly popular…

In this work we introduce an approach for modeling and analyzing collective behavior of a group of agents using moments. We represent the group of agents via their distribution and derive a method to estimate the dynamics of the moments. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Silun Zhang , Axel Ringh , Xiaoming Hu , Johan Karlsson