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We consider the problem of transforming samples from one continuous source distribution into samples from another target distribution. We demonstrate with optimal transport theory that when the source distribution can be easily sampled from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-09-30 Sanggyun Kim , Diego Mesa , Rui Ma , Todd P. Coleman

Inference-time algorithms are an emerging paradigm in which pre-trained models are used as subroutines to solve downstream tasks. Such algorithms have been proposed for tasks ranging from inverse problems and guided image generation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ankur Moitra , Andrej Risteski , Dhruv Rohatgi

The success of diffusion models has driven interest in performing conditional sampling via training-free guidance of the denoising process to solve image restoration and other inverse problems. A popular class of methods, based on Diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-17 Gregory Bellchambers

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful learned priors for solving inverse problems. However, current iterative solving approaches which alternate between diffusion sampling and data consistency steps typically require hundreds or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Minwoo Kim , Hongki Lim

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as powerful deep learning tools for image generation in CT reconstruction and restoration. Recently, diffusion posterior sampling, where a score-based diffusion prior is combined with a likelihood…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Shudong Li , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , Grace J. Gang , Yuan Shen , J. Webster Stayman

In this work we introduce a novel stochastic algorithm dubbed SNIPS, which draws samples from the posterior distribution of any linear inverse problem, where the observation is assumed to be contaminated by additive white Gaussian noise.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-11 Bahjat Kawar , Gregory Vaksman , Michael Elad

Denoising diffusion models have become ubiquitous for generative modeling. The core idea is to transport the data distribution to a Gaussian by using a diffusion. Approximate samples from the data distribution are then obtained by…

Sampling from high-dimensional distributions is a fundamental problem in statistical research and practice. However, great challenges emerge when the target density function is unnormalized and contains isolated modes. We tackle this…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-11 Yixuan Qiu , Xiao Wang

Inverse rendering, the process of inferring scene properties from images, is a challenging inverse problem. The task is ill-posed, as many different scene configurations can give rise to the same image. Most existing solutions incorporate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Linjie Lyu , Ayush Tewari , Marc Habermann , Shunsuke Saito , Michael Zollhöfer , Thomas Leimkühler , Christian Theobalt

Flow matching is a recent state-of-the-art framework for generative modeling based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs). While closely related to diffusion models, it provides a more general perspective on generative modeling. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jeongsol Kim , Bryan Sangwoo Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Adding noise is easy; what about denoising? Diffusion is easy; what about reverting a diffusion? Diffusion-based generative models aim to denoise a Langevin diffusion chain, moving from a log-concave equilibrium measure $\nu$, say an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Tengyuan Liang , Kulunu Dharmakeerthi , Takuya Koriyama

We present a novel offline-online method to mitigate the computational burden of the characterization of posterior random variables in statistical learning. In the offline phase, the proposed method learns the joint law of the parameter…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-07 Tiangang Cui , Sergey Dolgov , Olivier Zahm

Diffusion models (DMs) have proven to be effective in modeling high-dimensional distributions, leading to their widespread adoption for representing complex priors in Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). However, current DM-based posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Martin Renqiang Min , Lexing Ying , Zachary Izzo

We present parallel algorithms to accelerate sampling via counting in two settings: any-order autoregressive models and denoising diffusion models. An any-order autoregressive model accesses a target distribution $\mu$ on $[q]^n$ through an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Nima Anari , Carlo Baronio , CJ Chen , Alireza Haqi , Frederic Koehler , Anqi Li , Thuy-Duong Vuong

Inverse problems are fundamental to science and engineering, where the goal is to infer an underlying signal or state from incomplete or noisy measurements. Recent approaches employ diffusion models as powerful implicit priors for such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Bilal Ahmed , Joseph G. Makin

Ill-posed imaging inverse problems remain challenging due to the ambiguity in mapping degraded observations to clean images. Diffusion-based generative priors have recently shown promise, but typically rely on computationally intensive…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Ayush Varshney , Katherine L. Bouman , Berthy T. Feng

We explore unsupervised speech enhancement using diffusion models as expressive generative priors for clean speech. Existing approaches guide the reverse diffusion process using noisy speech through an approximate, noise-perturbed…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Mostafa Sadeghi , Jean-Eudes Ayilo , Romain Serizel , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

We present SURE-Score: an approach for learning score-based generative models using training samples corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. When a large training set of clean samples is available, solving inverse problems via score-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Asad Aali , Marius Arvinte , Sidharth Kumar , Jonathan I. Tamir

Prior probability models are a fundamental component of many image processing problems, but density estimation is notoriously difficult for high-dimensional signals such as photographic images. Deep neural networks have provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zahra Kadkhodaie , Eero P. Simoncelli

Deep clustering, which learns representation and semantic clustering without labels information, poses a great challenge for deep learning-based approaches. Despite significant progress in recent years, most existing methods focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Chuyu Zhang , Hui Ren , Xuming He