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Reconstructing dynamic 4D scenes from monocular videos is a fundamental yet challenging task. While recent 3D foundation models provide strong geometric priors, their performance significantly degrades in dynamic environments. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ying Zang , Xuanyi Liu , Yidong Han , Deyi Ji , Chaotao Ding , Yuanqi Hu , Qi Zhu , Xuanfu Li , Jin Ma , Lingyun Sun , Tianrun Chen , Lanyun Zhu

Purpose: 4D CBCT is a beneficial tool for the treatment of movable tumors, because it can help us to understand where the tumors are actually located and have a precise treatment plan. However, there is a limitation that general CBCT images…

Flexible spacecraft structures present significant challenges for physical and control system design due to nonlinear dynamics, mission constraints, environmental variables, and changing operational conditions. This paper presents a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Matthew Hilsenrath , Daniel R. Herber

4D time-space reconstruction of dynamic events or deforming objects using X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important inverse problem in non-destructive evaluation. Conventional back-projection based reconstruction methods assume that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 K. Aditya Mohan , Massimiliano Ferrucci , Chuck Divin , Garrett A. Stevenson , Hyojin Kim

Accurate evaluation of regional lung ventilation is essential for the management and treatment of lung cancer patients, supporting assessments of pulmonary function, optimization of therapeutic strategies, and monitoring of treatment…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Rihui Zhang , Haiming Zhu , Jingtong Zhao , Lei Zhang , Fang-Fang Yin , Chunhao Wang , Zhenyu Yang

The high computational cost of phase field simulations remains a major limitation for predicting dendritic solidification in metals, particularly in additive manufacturing, where microstructural control is critical. This work presents a…

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides high-fidelity simulations of fluid flows but remains computationally expensive for many-query applications. In recent years deep learning (DL) has been used to construct data-driven fluid-dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 David Ramos , Lucas Lacasa , Fermín Gutiérrez , Eusebio Valero , Gonzalo Rubio

In this manuscript, we research on the behaviors of surrogates for the rank function on different image processing problems and their optimization algorithms. We first propose a novel nonconvex rank surrogate on the general rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Cho-Ying Wu , Jian-Jiun Ding

A probabilistic performance-oriented control design optimization approach is introduced for flight systems. Aiming at estimating rare-event probabilities accurately and efficiently, subset simulation is combined with surrogate modeling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-20 Dalong Shi , Florian Holzapfel

The automotive industry's pursuit of enhanced fuel economy and performance necessitates efficient aerodynamic design. However, traditional evaluation methods such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and wind tunnel testing are resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Utkarsh Singh , Absaar Ali , Adarsh Roy

The embedded ensemble propagation approach introduced in [49] has been demonstrated to be a powerful means of reducing the computational cost of sampling-based uncertainty quantification methods, particularly on emerging computational…

Computation · Statistics 2017-05-08 Marta D'Elia , Eric Phipps , Ahmad Rushdi , Mohamed Ebeida

The interplay between the beam delivery time structure and the patient motion makes 4D dose calculation (4DDC) important when treating moving tumors with intensity modulated proton therapy. 4DDC based on phase sorting of a 4DCT suffers from…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Ivar Bengtsson , Erik Engwall , Albin Fredriksson , Lars Glimelius

Motion-compensated MR reconstruction (MCMR) is a powerful concept with considerable potential, consisting of two coupled sub-problems: Motion estimation, assuming a known image, and image reconstruction, assuming known motion. In this work,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-09 Jiazhen Pan , Daniel Rueckert , Thomas Küstner , Kerstin Hammernik

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a method for real-time 2D-3D non-rigid registration using a single fluoroscopic image. Such a method can find applications in surgery, interventional radiology and radiotherapy. By estimating…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-28 François Lecomte , Jean-Louis Dillenseger , Stéphane Cotin

Reduced-order modelling and low-dimensional surrogate models generated using machine learning algorithms have been widely applied in high-dimensional dynamical systems to improve the algorithmic efficiency. In this paper, we develop a…

In this third part of a multi-paper series, we present quantitative image reconstruction results from aerial measurements of eight different surrogate distributed gamma-ray sources on flat terrain. We show that our quantitative imaging…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-03 Jayson R. Vavrek , Jaewon Lee , Marco Salathe , Mark S. Bandstra , Daniel Hellfeld , Brian J. Quiter , Tenzing H. Y. Joshi

Existing deep learning-based surrogate models facilitate efficient data generation, but fall short in uncertainty quantification, efficient parameter space exploration, and reverse prediction. In our work, we introduce SurroFlow, a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jingyi Shen , Yuhan Duan , Han-Wei Shen

Many robotic systems are underactuated, meaning not all degrees of freedom can be directly controlled due to lack of actuators, input constraints, or state-dependent actuation. This property, compounded by modeling uncertainties and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Daniel M. Cherenson , Dimitra Panagou

Recent works in medical image registration have proposed the use of Implicit Neural Representations, demonstrating performance that rivals state-of-the-art learning-based methods. However, these implicit representations need to be optimized…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-04 Louis D. van Harten , Jaap Stoker , Ivana Išgum

The dose of X-ray radiation and the scanning time are crucial factors in computed tomography (CT) for clinical applications. In this work, we introduce a multi-source static CT imaging system designed to rapidly acquire sparse view and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Ziju Shen , Haimiao Zhang , Bin Dong , Jun Qiu , Yunxiang Li , Zhili Cui