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Quantum error correction is crucial for any quantum computing platform to achieve truly scalable quantum computation. The surface code and its variants have been considered the most promising quantum error correction scheme due to their…

Operator quantum error correction is a recently developed theory that provides a generalized framework for active error correction and passive error avoiding schemes. In this paper, we describe these codes in the stabilizer formalism of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 David Poulin

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a promising technique of protecting hybrid quantum-classical computation from decoherence, but it suffers from sampling overhead which erodes the computational speed. In this treatise, we provide a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Yifeng Xiong , Daryus Chandra , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Proposals for quantum computing devices are many and varied. They each have unique noise processes that make none of them fully reliable at this time. There are several error correction/avoidance techniques which are valuable for reducing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Mark S. Byrd , Daniel A. Lidar

The paradigm of measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) starts from a highly entangled resource state on which unitary operations are executed through adaptive measurements and corrections ensuring determinism. This is set in contrast to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Thierry Nicolas Kaldenbach , Matthias Heller

Accurate methods of assessing the performance of quantum gates are extremely important. Quantum process tomography and randomized benchmarking are the current favored methods. Quantum process tomography gives detailed information, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Austin G. Fowler , D. Sank , J. Kelly , R. Barends , John M. Martinis

Flag verification techniques are useful in quantum error correction for detecting critical faults. Here we present an application of flag verification techniques to improving post-selected performance of near-term algorithms. We extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Dripto M. Debroy , Kenneth R. Brown

To demonstrate supremacy of quantum computing, increasingly large-scale superconducting quantum computing chips are being designed and fabricated. However, the complexity of simulating quantum systems poses a significant challenge to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Hao Ai , Yu-xi Liu

As there is no quantum error correction code with universal set of transversal gates, several approaches have been proposed which, in combination of transversal gates, make universal fault-tolerant quantum computation possible. Magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-16 Eesa Nikahd , Morteza Saheb Zamani , Mehdi Sedighi

We propose a fault-tolerant quantum computation scheme that is broadly applicable to quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes. The scheme achieves constant qubit overhead and a time overhead of $O(d^{a+o(1)})$ for any $[[n,k,d]]$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Guo Zhang , Yuanye Zhu , Ying Li

We introduce a methodology for generating random multi-qubit stabilizer codes based on solving a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) on random bipartite graphs. This framework allows us to enforce stabilizer commutation, $X/Z$ balancing,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Maxime Tremblay , Guillaume Duclos-Cianci , Stefanos Kourtis

Qubit-based variational quantum algorithms have undergone rapid development in recent years but still face several challenges. In this context, we propose a symmetry-enhanced digitized counterdiabatic quantum algorithm utilizing qudits…

We compare Steane's and Shor's syndrome extraction methods on the Bacon-Shor code. We propose a straightforward strategy based on post-selection to prepare the logical $|0\rangle_L$ and $|+\rangle_L$ states of the Bacon-Shor code by using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Guillermo Escobar-Arrieta , Mauricio Gutiérrez

Quantum low-density parity-check codes reduce quantum error correction overhead but require dense, long-range connectivity that challenges hardware implementation, particularly for superconducting processors. We address this problem by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Guangqi Zhao , Fei Yan , Xiaotong Ni

Connecting multiple smaller qubit modules by generating high-fidelity entangled states is a promising path for scaling quantum computing hardware. The performance of such a modular quantum computer is highly dependent on the quality and…

We introduce a technique for the suppression of state-dependent and correlated measurement errors, which are commonly observed on modern superconducting quantum devices. Our method leverages previous results, establishing that correlated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-22 Alan Robertson , Shuaiwen Leon Song

Time-continuous quantum error correction, necessary to protect quantum information under time-dependent Hamiltonians, relies on weak continuous syndrome measurements. Implementing these measurements requires a continuous coupling among at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Anton Halaski , Christiane P. Koch

We present a quantum circuit synthesis algorithm for implementing universal fault-tolerant quantum computing based on concatenated codes. To realize fault-tolerant quantum computing, the fault-tolerant quantum protocols should be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Yongsoo Hwang

In this work we establish lower bounds on the size of Clifford circuits that measure a family of commuting Pauli operators. Our bounds depend on the interplay between a pair of graphs: the Tanner graph of the set of measured Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-30 Nicolas Delfosse , Michael E. Beverland , Maxime A. Tremblay

Scaling up quantum computers to attain substantial speedups over classical computing requires fault tolerance. Conventionally, protocols for fault-tolerant quantum computation demand excessive space overheads by using many physical qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Hayata Yamasaki , Masato Koashi
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