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We present a probabilistic logic programming framework to reinforcement learning, by integrating reinforce-ment learning, in POMDP environments, with normal hybrid probabilistic logic programs with probabilistic answer set seman-tics, that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-11-30 Emad Saad

We study transformational program logics for correctness and incorrectness that we extend to explicitly handle both termination and nontermination. We show that the logics are abstract interpretations of the right image transformer for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Patrick Cousot

Deep and shallow embeddings of non-classical logics in classical higher-order logic have been explored, implemented, and used in various reasoning tools in recent years. This paper presents a method for the simultaneous deployment of deep…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Christoph Benzmüller

We show that a partial-correctness assertion about an iterative program is provable in Hoare Logic iffit is provable in standard second-order logic with comprehension restricted to first-order predicates. This equivalence was claimed twice…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Daniel Leivant

This paper develops a declarative language, P-log, that combines logical and probabilistic arguments in its reasoning. Answer Set Prolog is used as the logical foundation, while causal Bayes nets serve as a probabilistic foundation. We give…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-12-04 Chitta Baral , Michael Gelfond , Nelson Rushton

Mechanized verification of liveness properties for infinite programs with effects and nondeterminism is challenging. Existing temporal reasoning frameworks operate at the level of models such as traces and automata. Reasoning happens at a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Eleftherios Ioannidis , Yannick Zakowski , Steve Zdancewic , Sebastian Angel

Open bisimilarity is defined for open process terms in which free variables may appear. The insight is, in order to characterise open bisimilarity, we move to the setting of intuitionistic modal logics. The intuitionistic modal logic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ki Yung Ahn , Ross Horne , Alwen Tiu

We present a recursive formulation of the Horn algorithm for deciding the satisfiability of propositional clauses. The usual presentations in imperative pseudo-code are informal and not suitable for simple proofs of its main properties. By…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-14 António Ravara

We define an extension of lambda-calculus with dependents types that enables us to encode transparent and opaque probabilistic programs and prove a strong normalisation result for it by a reducibility technique. While transparent…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Francesco A. Genco

We formalise the pi-calculus using the nominal datatype package, based on ideas from the nominal logic by Pitts et al., and demonstrate an implementation in Isabelle/HOL. The purpose is to derive powerful induction rules for the semantics…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Jesper Bengtson , Joachim Parrow

Formally specifying, let alone verifying, properties of systems involving multiple programming languages is inherently challenging. We introduce Heterogeneous Dynamic Logic (HDL), a framework for combining reasoning principles from distinct…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Samuel Teuber , Mattias Ulbrich , André Platzer , Bernhard Beckert

Reasoning with defeasible and conflicting knowledge in an argumentative form is a key research field in computational argumentation. Reasoning under various forms of uncertainty is both a key feature and a challenging barrier for automated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Andrei Popescu , Johannes P. Wallner

This paper presents a Hoare-like veri cation framework for discrete probabilistic programs that we apply to two non-trivial sampling algorithms: Lumbroso's Fast Dice Roller and Saad et al.'s Fast Loaded Dice Roller. These algorithms have…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daniel Zilken , Kevin Batz , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Tobias Winkler

A first-order logic with quantum variables is needed as an assertion language for specifying and reasoning about various properties (e.g. correctness) of quantum programs. Surprisingly, such a logic is missing in the literature, and the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Mingsheng Ying

We report on the mechanization of (preference-based) conditional normative reasoning. Our focus is on Aqvist's system E for conditional obligation, and its extensions. Our mechanization is achieved via a shallow semantical embedding in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xavier Parent , Christoph Benzmüller

Modern functional-logic programming languages like Toy or Curry feature non-strict non-deterministic functions that behave under call-time choice semantics. A standard formulation for this semantics is the CRWL logic, that specifies a proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-08-05 Francisco López Fraguas , Stephan Merz , Juan Rodríguez Hortalá

We extend the simply-typed guarded $\lambda$-calculus with discrete probabilities and endow it with a program logic for reasoning about relational properties of guarded probabilistic computations. This provides a framework for programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Alejandro Aguirre , Gilles Barthe , Lars Birkedal , Aleš Bizjak , Marco Gaboardi , Deepak Garg

A simple dynamically-typed, (purely) object-oriented language is defined. A structural operational semantics as well as a Hoare-style program logic for reasoning about programs in the language in multiple notions of correctness are given.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Björn Engelmann , Ernst-Rüdiger Olderog

We introduce SMProbLog, a generalization of the probabilistic logic programming language ProbLog. A ProbLog program defines a distribution over logic programs by specifying for each clause the probability that it belongs to a randomly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Pietro Totis , Angelika Kimmig , Luc De Raedt

Deciding termination is a fundamental problem in the analysis of probabilistic imperative programs. We consider the qualitative and quantitative probabilistic termination problems for an imperative programming model with discrete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Rupak Majumdar , V. R. Sathiyanarayana