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Graphene is the first example of truly two-dimensional crystals - it's just one layer of carbon atoms. It turns out to be a gapless semiconductor with unique electronic properties resulting from the fact that charge carriers in graphene…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 M. I. Katsnelson , K. S. Novoselov

Hypergraph states form a family of multiparticle quantum states that generalizes the well-known concept of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, cluster states, and more broadly graph states. We study the nonlocal properties of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-23 Mariami Gachechiladze , Costantino Budroni , Otfried Gühne

In a recent paper [S. Bagherinezhad and V. Karimipour, Phys. Rev. A 67, 044302 (2003)], a quantum secret sharing protocol based on reusable GHZ states was proposed. However, in this comment, it is shown that this protocol is insecure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jian-Zhong Du , Su-Juan Qin , Qiao-Yan Wen , Fu-Chen Zhu

Gentner and Rautenbach conjectured that the size of a minimum zero forcing set in a connected graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree $3$ is at most $\frac{1}{3}n+2$. We disprove this conjecture by constructing a collection of connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-15 António Girão , Gábor Mészáros , Stephen G. Z. Smith

We experimentally demonstrate a high-fidelity entanglement swapping and a generation of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger~(GHZ) state using polarization-entangled photon pairs at telecommunication wavelength produced by spontaneous parametric…

We classify multipartite entangled states in the 2 x 2 x n (n >= 4) quantum system, for example the 4-qubit system distributed over 3 parties, under local filtering operations. We show that there exist nine essentially different classes of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Akimasa Miyake , Frank Verstraete

We generalize Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem to an arbitrary number of D-dimensional systems. Contrary to conventional approaches using compatible composite observables, we employ incompatible and concurrent observables, whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 Junghee Ryu , Changhyoup Lee , Marek Zukowski , Jinhyoung Lee

Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state is a typical maximally entangled state which is pursued in both fundamental research and emerging quantum technologies. Preparing large-scale GHZ states in lattice spin systems is particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Xuanchen Zhang , Yaofeng Chen , Yong-Chun Liu

Quantum entanglement involving coherent superpositions of macroscopically distinct states is among the most striking features of quantum theory, but its realization is challenging, since such states are extremely fragile. Using a…

Distributing entanglement to distant parties in a network is a central task in quantum information processing and quantum networking. The sensitivity of entangled states to loss necessitates the use of entanglement routing strategies.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Xin-An Chen , Caitao Zhan , Joaquin Chung , Jeffrey Larson

We generalize the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger nonlocality without inequalities argument to cover the case of arbitrary mixed statistical operators associated to three-qubits quantum systems. More precisely, we determine the radius of a ball…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 GianCarlo Ghirardi , Luca Marinatto

Traditionally, quantum entanglement has played a central role in foundational discussions of quantum mechanics. The measurement of correlations between entangled particles can exhibit results at odds with classical behavior. These…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-03-15 L. DiCarlo , M. D. Reed , L. Sun , B. R. Johnson , J. M. Chow , J. M. Gambetta , L. Frunzio , S. M. Girvin , M. H. Devoret , R. J. Schoelkopf

Recently, there are tremendous developments on the number of controllable qubits in several quantum computing systems. For these implementations, it is crucial to determine the entanglement structure of the prepared multipartite quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-10 You Zhou , Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma

The multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states are indispensable elements for various quantum information processing tasks. Here we put forward two deterministic proposals to dissipatively prepare tripartite GHZ states in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-27 D. X. Li , H. W. Xiao , C. Yang , X. Q. Shao

In this paper, we develop a quantum key distribution protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states (GHZs). The particles are exchanged among the users in blocks through two steps. In this protocol, for three-particle GHZs three…

We consider an entangled two-particle state that is produced from two independent down-conversion sources by the process of "entanglement-swapping", so that the particles have never met. We prove a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) type…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-01 Daniel M. Greenberger , Michael Horne , Anton Zeilinger

We report on deterministic generation of 18-qubit genuinely entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and multi-component atomic Schr\"{o}dinger cat states of up to 20 qubits on a quantum processor, which features 20 superconducting…

We show that for all $n\ge3$, an example of an $n$-partite quantum correlation that is not genuinely multipartite nonlocal but rather exhibiting anonymous nonlocality, that is, nonlocal but biseparable with respect to all bipartitions, can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-26 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Florian John Curchod , Joseph Bowles , Nicolas Gisin

The generalized n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and their local unitary equivalents are the only pure states of n qubits that are not uniquely determined (among arbitrary states, pure or mixed) by their reduced density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-26 Scott N. Walck , David W. Lyons

Quantum correlations are central to the foundations of quantum physics and form the basis of quantum technologies. Here, our goal is to connect quantum correlations and computation: using quantum correlations as a resource for computation -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Bülent Demirel , Weikai Weng , Christopher Thalacker , Matty Hoban , Stefanie Barz