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This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of explainable fact-checking through a series of experiments, focusing on the ability of large language models to verify public health claims and provide explanations or justifications for their…
Suicide is an important but often misunderstood problem, one that researchers are now seeking to better understand through social media. Due in large part to the fuzzy nature of what constitutes suicidal risks, most supervised approaches…
This study introduces an AI-based methodology that utilizes natural language processing (NLP) to detect burnout from textual data. The approach relies on a RuBERT model originally trained for sentiment analysis and subsequently fine-tuned…
This paper establishes an empirical baseline of public sentiment toward Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies across six European countries during the period 2006--2019, prior to the widespread adoption of generative AI systems.…
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of preventable in-hospital mortality. Advances in diagnosis, risk stratification, and prevention can improve outcomes. There are few large publicly available datasets that contain PE labels for…
This paper investigates the effectiveness of GPT-4o-2024-08-06, one of the Large Language Models (LLM) from OpenAI, in detecting business process anomalies, with a focus on rework anomalies. In our study, we developed a GPT-4o-based tool…
The complex unfolding of the US opioid epidemic in the last 20 years has been the subject of a large body of medical and pharmacological research, and it has sparked a multidisciplinary discussion on how to implement interventions and…
OpenAI has recently released GPT-4 (a.k.a. ChatGPT plus), which is demonstrated to be one small step for generative AI (GAI), but one giant leap for artificial general intelligence (AGI). Since its official release in November 2022, ChatGPT…
Emergent chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning capabilities promise to improve performance and explainability of large language models (LLMs). However, uncertainties remain about how reasoning strategies formulated for previous model generations…
Harnessing the potential of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT can help address social challenges through inclusive, ethical, and sustainable means. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which ChatGPT can annotate data for…
The prevalence of suicide has been on the rise since the 20th century, causing severe emotional damage to individuals, families, and communities alike. Despite the severity of this suicide epidemic, there is so far no reliable and…
Social media platforms have transformed traditional communication methods by allowing users worldwide to communicate instantly, openly, and frequently. People use social media to express their opinion and share their personal stories and…
Background: Rapid advancements in natural language processing have led to the development of large language models with the potential to revolutionize mental health care. These models have shown promise in assisting clinicians and providing…
Background: A new illness could first come to the public attention over social media before it is medically defined, formally documented or systematically studied. One example is a phenomenon known as breast implant illness (BII) that has…
Automatic toxic language detection is critical for creating safe, inclusive online spaces. However, it is a highly subjective task, with perceptions of toxic language shaped by community norms and lived experience. Existing toxicity…
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a significant and growing public health concern. Investigating alterations in speech and language patterns offers a promising path towards cost-effective and non-invasive early detection of AD on a large scale.…
With advancements in natural language processing (NLP) models, automatic explanation generation has been proposed to mitigate misinformation on social media platforms in addition to adding warning labels to identified fake news. While many…
Modern affective computing systems rely heavily on datasets with human-annotated emotion labels, for training and evaluation. However, human annotations are expensive to obtain, sensitive to study design, and difficult to quality control,…
New York City (NYC) topped the global chart for the worst air pollution in June 2023, owing to the wildfire smoke drifting in from Canada. This unprecedented situation caused significant travel disruptions and shifts in traditional activity…
Given the current state of the world, because of existing situations around the world, millions of people suffering from mental illnesses feel isolated and unable to receive help in person. Psychological studies have shown that our state of…