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Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises unconditional security in data communication and is currently being deployed in commercial applications. Nonetheless, before QKD can be widely adopted, it faces a number of important challenges such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-24 Eleni Diamanti , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Bing Qi , Zhiliang Yuan

We present a result of side-channel-secure (SCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) under fully realistic conditions. Our result is not only measurement-device independent but also effective with imperfect (and unstable) source devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

In recent years, quantum computing technologies have steadily matured and have begun to find practical applications across various domains. One important area is network communication security, where Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abel C. H. Chen

An efficiency-loophole-free quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme is proposed, which involves no hardware change but a modification in the data post-processing step. The scheme applies to a generic class of detection systems which allow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-24 Xiongfeng Ma , Tobias Moroder , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We propose Qubit4Sync, a synchronization method for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) setups, based on the same qubits exchanged during the protocol and without requiring additional hardware other than the one necessary to prepare and measure…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is rapidly transitioning from cutting-edge laboratory research to real-world deployment in established communication networks. Although QKD promises future-proof security, practical challenges stil exist due…

Symmetry plays a fundamental role in the security analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD). Here we review how symmetry is exploited in continuous-variable (CV) QKD to prove the optimality of Gaussian attacks in the finite-size regime. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Cosmo Lupo

Data centers are nowadays referred to as the digital world's cornerstone. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method that solves the problem of distributing cryptographic keys between two entities, with the security rooted in the laws of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Nitin Jain , Ulrich Hoff , Marco Gambetta , Jesper Rodenberg , Tobias Gehring

Error correction plays a major role in the reconciliation of continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) and greatly affects the performance of the system. CV-QKD requires error correction codes of extremely low rates and high…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Kadir Gümüs , Laurent Schmalen

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) schemes are key exchange protocols based on the physical properties of quantum channels. They avoid the computational-hardness assumptions that underlie the security of classical key exchange.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Arpan Akash Ray , Boris Skoric

We analyze the significance for quantum key distribution (QKD) of free-space quantum communications results reported in a recent paper (J. C. Bienfang et al., quant-ph/0405097, hereafter referred to as "Bienfang et al."), who contrast the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard J. Hughes , Jane E. Nordholt

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the best candidate for securing communications against attackers, who may in the future exploit quantum-enhanced computational powers to break classical encryption. As such, new challenges are arising from…

Numerical security proofs offer a versatile approach for evaluating the secret-key generation rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. However, existing methods typically require perfect source characterization, which is…

Here we concerned with quantum key distribution - a way to establish common cryptographic key between several parties. The work proposes a combination between quantum key distribution and systematic polar coding (an error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Georgi Bebrov

Information reconciliation is crucial for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) because its performance affects the secret key rate and maximal secure transmission distance. Fixed-rate error correction codes limit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-11 Chao Zhou , Xiangyu Wang , Yi-Chen Zhang , Zhiguo Zhang , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Finding the minimal relative entropy of two quantum states under semidefinite constraints is a pivotal problem located at the mathematical core of various applications in quantum information theory. An efficient method for providing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Gereon Koßmann , René Schwonnek

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has often been hailed as a reliable technology for secure communication in cyber-physical microgrids. Even though unauthorized key measurements are not possible in QKD, attempts to read them can disturb…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Suman Rath , Neel Kanth Kundu , Subham Sahoo

For a practical quantum key distribution (QKD) system, parameter optimization - the choice of intensities and probabilities of sending them - is a crucial step in gaining optimal performance, especially when one realistically considers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Wenyuan Wang , Hoi-Kwong Lo

The dimension reduction method enables security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that are originally formulated in infinite dimensions via reduction to a tractable finite-dimensional optimization. The reduction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Twesh Upadhyaya , Thomas van Himbeeck , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a promising technique for secure communication based on quantum mechanical principles. To improve the secure key rate of a QKD system, most studies on reconciliation primarily focused on improving the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 Hao-Kun Mao , Qiong Li , Peng-Lei Hao , Bassem Abd-El-Atty , Abdullah M. Iliyasu