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All current LLM serving systems place the GPU at the center, from production-level attention-FFN disaggregation to NVIDIA's Rubin GPU-LPU heterogeneous platform. Even academic PIM/PNM proposals still treat the GPU as the central hub for…

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on edge devices enables personalized agents with strong privacy and low cost. However, with tens to hundreds of billions of parameters, single-batch autoregressive inference suffers from extremely low…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Lishuo Deng , Shaojie Xu , Jinwu Chen , Changwei Yan , Jiajie Wang , Zhe Jiang , Weiwei Shan

With the widespread deployment of long-context large language models (LLMs), there has been a growing demand for efficient support of high-throughput inference. However, as the key-value (KV) cache expands with the sequence length, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Hanshi Sun , Li-Wen Chang , Wenlei Bao , Size Zheng , Ningxin Zheng , Xin Liu , Harry Dong , Yuejie Chi , Beidi Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models improve the scalability of large language models (LLMs) by activating only a small subset of relevant experts per input. However, the sheer number of expert networks in an MoE model introduces a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Qian Chen , Xianhao Chen , Kaibin Huang

The evolving LLM landscape requires capabilities beyond simple text generation, prioritizing multi-step reasoning, long-context understanding, and agentic workflows. This shift challenges existing models in enterprise environments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 KT Tech innovation Group

Large language model (LLM) services are mostly centralized, leading to scalability bottlenecks and underutilization of substantial scattered GPU resources. While decentralization offers a promising alternative, existing frameworks primarily…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Huanyu Wang , Ziyu Xia , Zhuoming Chen , Beidi Chen

Embodied AI agents increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) for planning, yet per-step LLM calls impose severe latency and cost. In this paper, we show that embodied tasks exhibit strong plan locality, where the next plan is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hojoon Kim , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe

Large language models (LLMs) can now handle longer sequences of tokens, enabling complex tasks like book understanding and generating lengthy novels. However, the key-value (KV) cache required for LLMs consumes substantial memory as context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Haojie Duanmu , Zhihang Yuan , Xiuhong Li , Jiangfei Duan , Xingcheng Zhang , Dahua Lin

In Text-to-SQL tasks, existing LLM-based methods often include extensive database schemas in prompts, leading to long context lengths and increased prefilling latency. While user queries typically focus on recurrent table sets-offering an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jinbo Su , Yuxuan Hu , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen , Jia Li , Lintao Ma , Jing Zhang

Prefill-decode (PD) disaggregation has become the standard architecture for large-scale LLM serving, but in practice its deployment boundary is still determined by KVCache transfer. In conventional dense-attention models, prefill generates…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ruoyu Qin , Weiran He , Yaoyu Wang , Zheming Li , Xinran Xu , Yongwei Wu , Weimin Zheng , Mingxing Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in numerous applications requiring robust long-range capabilities, essential for processing extensive input contexts and continuously generating extended outputs. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Dachuan Shi , Yonggan Fu , Xiangchi Yuan , Zhongzhi Yu , Haoran You , Sixu Li , Xin Dong , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov , Yingyan , Lin

We present Canary, a scheduling architecture that allows high performance analytics workloads to scale out to run on thousands of cores. Canary is motivated by the observation that a central scheduler is a bottleneck for high performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-15 Hang Qu , Omid Mashayekhi , David Terei , Philip Levis

Deep learning-based personalized recommendation systems are widely used for online user-facing services in production datacenters, where a large amount of hardware resources are procured and managed to reliably provide low-latency services…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Liu Ke , Xuan Zhang , Benjamin Lee , G. Edward Suh , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success across various applications, but their substantial memory requirements pose significant challenges to current memory system designs, especially during inference. Our work…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhongchun Zhou , Chengtao Lai , Wei Zhang

Motivation: Recent advances in single-cell analysis have introduced new computational challenges. Researchers often need to use multiple analysis tools written in different programming languages while managing version conflicts between…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-12 Ryuichiro Nakato , Luis Augusto Eijy Nagai

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have already achieved remarkable results on long-text tasks, but the limited GPU memory (VRAM) resources struggle to accommodate the linearly growing demand for key-value (KV) cache as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Zhi-Hong Deng , Jing Han

How to efficiently serve LLMs in practice has become exceptionally challenging due to their prohibitive memory and computation requirements. In this study, we investigate optimizing the KV cache, whose memory footprint poses a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Akshat Sharma , Hangliang Ding , Jianping Li , Neel Dani , Minjia Zhang

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have been seen as a promising competitor for autoregressive language models. However, diffusion language models have long been constrained by slow inference. A core challenge is that their non-autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xinyin Ma , Runpeng Yu , Gongfan Fang , Xinchao Wang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) in recent years has revolutionized the AI landscape. However, the deployment model and usage of LLM services remain highly centralized, creating significant trust issues and costs for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hongbo Liu , Jiannong Cao , Bo Yang , Dongbin Bai , Yinfeng Cao , Xiaoming Shen , Yinan Zhang , Jinwen Liang , Shan Jiang , Mingjin Zhang

The trend of massive connectivity pushes forward the explosive growth of end devices. The emergence of various applications has prompted a demand for pervasive connectivity and more efficient computing paradigms. On the other hand, the lack…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Zelin Ji , Zhijin Qin
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