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Climate change and natural disasters are recognized as worldwide challenges requiring complex and efficient ecosystems to deal with social, economic, and environmental effects. This chapter advocates a holistic approach, distinguishing…
Wildfires have emerged as one of the most destructive natural disasters worldwide, causing catastrophic losses in both human lives and forest wildlife. Recently, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in wildfires, propelled by the…
The problem of nowcasting extreme weather events can be addressed by applying either numerical methods for the solution of dynamic model equations or data-driven artificial intelligence algorithms. Within this latter framework, the present…
A critical review of artificial intelligence and deep machine learning (AI/ML) applied to downscaling of global climate model simulations provides some words of caution, based on past experiences and well-established principles. Recent…
Data-driven machine learning models for weather forecasting have made transformational progress in the last 1-2 years, with state-of-the-art ones now outperforming the best physics-based models for a wide range of skill scores. Given the…
Extreme events, such as market crashes, natural disasters, and pandemics, are rare but catastrophic, often triggering cascading failures across interconnected systems. Accurate prediction and early warning can help minimize losses and…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as a key tool for addressing societal challenges, such as climate change. At the same time, AI's environmental footprint is expanding increasingly. This report describes the systemic…
This paper analyses social media data in multiple disaster-related collections of floods and heat waves in the UK. The proposed method uses machine learning classifiers based on deep bidirectional neural networks trained on benchmark…
Extreme weather events driven by climate change, such as wildfires, floods, and heatwaves, prompt significant public reactions on social media platforms. Analyzing the sentiment expressed in these online discussions can offer valuable…
Extreme weather events have an enormous impact on society and are expected to become more frequent and severe with climate change. In this context, resilience planning becomes crucial for risk mitigation and coping with these extreme…
Studying extreme events and how they evolve in a changing climate is one of the most important current scientific challenges. Starting from complex climate models, a key difficulty is to be able to run long enough simulations in order to…
Recent advances in AI-based weather prediction have led to the development of artificial intelligence weather prediction (AIWP) models with competitive forecast skill compared to traditional NWP models, but with substantially reduced…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act and pursue goals. Increases in capabilities and autonomy may soon massively amplify…
Environmental science plays a pivotal role in safeguarding ecosystems, a domain driven by large-scale, heterogeneous data. In the big data era, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool for learning patterns and…
Novel data sensing and AI technologies are finding practical use in the analysis of crisis resilience, revealing the need to consider how responsible artificial intelligence (AI) practices can mitigate harmful outcomes and protect…
Ice storms are extreme weather events that can have devastating implications for the sustainability of natural ecosystems as well as man made infrastructure. Ice storms are caused by a complex mix of atmospheric conditions and are among the…
In a changing climate, artificial intelligence (AI) weather models have the potential to provide cheaper, faster, and more accurate forecasts of high-impact weather events. To realize this potential and gauge trustworthiness, there is a…
The global food supply chain (starting at farms and ending with consumers) has been seriously disrupted by many outlier events such as trade wars, the China demand shock, natural disasters, and pandemics. Outlier events create uncertainty…
Real-time flood forecasting is vital for effective emergency responses, but bridging the gap between complex numerical models and practical decision-making remains challenging. Decision-makers often rely on experts, while the public…
Humans have been able to tackle biosphere complexities by acting as ecosystem engineers, profoundly changing the flows of matter, energy and information. This includes major innovations that allowed to reduce and control the impact of…