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For a translation invariant system of $N$ bosons in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime, we establish a precise bound for the ground state energy $E_N$. While the leading, order $N$, contribution to $E_N$ has been known since [30,28] and the second…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Cristina Caraci , Alessandro Olgiati , Diane Saint Aubin , Benjamin Schlein

We consider the asymptotic behavior of a system of multi-component trapped bosons, when the total particle number $N$ becomes large. In the dilute regime, when the interaction potentials have the length scale of order $O(N^{-1})$, we show…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Alessandro Michelangeli , Phan Thành Nam , Alessandro Olgiati

We prove an upper bound for the ground state energy of a Bose gas consisting of $N$ hard spheres with radius $\mathfrak{a}/N$, moving in the three-dimensional unit torus $\Lambda$. Our estimate captures the correct asymptotics of the ground…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-01-13 Giulia Basti , Serena Cenatiempo , Alessandro Olgiati , Giulio Pasqualetti , Benjamin Schlein

In the present paper we study the low density Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit interacting via two-body and three-body interaction potentials. We prove that the leading order of the ground state energy is entirely characterised by both…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 François L. A. Visconti

We consider a system of $N$ bosons interacting in a three-dimensional box endowed with periodic boundary condition that is strongly confined in one direction such that the normalized thickness of the box $d\ll1$. We assume particles to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Xuwen Chen , Jiahao Wu , Zhifei Zhang

We review some rigorous estimates for the ground state energy of dilute Bose gases. We start with Dyson's upper bound, which provides the correct leading order asymptotics for hard spheres. Afterwards, we discuss a rigorous version of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Giulia Basti , Serena Cenatiempo , Alessandro Olgiati , Giulio Pasqualetti , Benjamin Schlein

We study the ground state energy of trapped two-dimensional Bose gases with mean-field type interactions that can be attractive. We prove the stability of second kind of the many-body system and the convergence of the ground state energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Lukas Junge , François Louis Antoine Visconti

We consider a gas of bosons interacting through a three-body hard-core potential in the thermodynamic limit. We derive an upper bound on the ground state energy of the system at the leading order using a Jastrow factor. Our result matches…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-14 Lukas Junge , François Louis Antoine Visconti

We consider a Bose gas consisting of $N$ particles in $\mathbb{R}^3$, trapped by an external field and interacting through a two-body potential with scattering length of order $N^{-1}$. We prove that low energy states exhibit complete…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Christian Brennecke , Benjamin Schlein , Severin Schraven

We consider the low density Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit with a three-body interaction potential. We prove that the leading order of the ground state energy of the system is determined completely in terms of the scattering energy of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-09-12 Phan Thành Nam , Julien Ricaud , Arnaud Triay

We consider a gas of $N$ bosons in a box with volume one interacting through a two-body potential with scattering length of order $N^{-1}$ (Gross-Pitaevskii limit). Assuming the (unscaled) potential to be sufficiently small, we show that…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Chiara Boccato , Christian Brennecke , Serena Cenatiempo , Benjamin Schlein

We consider a system of $N$ bosons in a unitary box in the grand-canonical setting interacting through a potential with scattering length scaling as $N^{-1+\kappa},$ $\kappa\in (0,2/3).$ This regimes interpolate between the Gross-Pitaevskii…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Giulia Basti

We consider a gas of N weakly interacting bosons in the ground state. Such gases exhibit Bose-Einstein condensation. The binding energy is defined as the energy it takes to remove one particle from the gas. In this article, we prove an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Lea Boßmann , Nikolai Leopold , David Mitrouskas , Sören Petrat

We consider systems of N bosons trapped on the two-dimensional unit torus, in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime, where the scattering length of the repulsive interaction is exponentially small in the number of particles. We show that low-energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Cristina Caraci , Serena Cenatiempo , Benjamin Schlein

We consider a system of $N$ bosons, in the two-dimensional unit torus. We assume particles to interact through a repulsive two-body potential, with a scattering length that is exponentially small in $N$ (Gross-Pitaevskii regime). In this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Cristina Caraci , Serena Cenatiempo , Benjamin Schlein

We consider Bose gases consisting of $N$ particles trapped in a box with volume one and interacting through a repulsive potential with scattering length of the order $N^{-1}$(Gross-Pitaevskii regime). We determine the ground state energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Chiara Boccato , Christian Brennecke , Serena Cenatiempo , Benjamin Schlein

We consider a translation-invariant system of $N$ bosons in $\mathbb{T}^{3}$ that interact through a repulsive two-body potential with scattering length of order $N^{-1}$ in the limit $N\to \infty$. We derive second order expressions for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Christian Brennecke , Jinyeop Lee , Phan Thành Nam

We study the large-N limit of a system of N bosons interacting with a potential of intensity 1/N. When the ground state energy is to the first order given by Hartree's theory, we study the next order, predicted by Bogoliubov's theory. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-12 Mathieu Lewin , Phan Thành Nam , Sylvia Serfaty , Jan Philip Solovej

The ground state properties of interacting Bose gases in external potentials, as considered in recent experiments, are usually described by means of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. We present here the first proof of the asymptotic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Elliott H. Lieb , Robert Seiringer , Jakob Yngvason

Consider $N$ bosons in a finite box $\Lambda= [0,L]^3\subset \mathbf R^3$ interacting via a two-body smooth repulsive short range potential. We construct a variational state which gives the following upper bound on the ground state energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-05 Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin
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