Related papers: String Diagrams for Physical Duoidal Categories
Diagrammatic reasoning using string diagrams provides an intuitive language for reasoning about morphisms in a symmetric monoidal category. To allow working with infinite families of string diagrams, !-graphs were introduced as a method to…
We show how the notion of intercategory encompasses a wide variety of three-dimensional structures from the literature, notably duoidal categories, monoidal double categories, cubical bicategories, double bicategories and Gray categories.…
We introduce strings in metric spaces and define string complexes of metric spaces. We describe the class of 2-dimensional topological spaces which arise in this way from finite metric spaces.
We investigate the perturbative and non-perturbative correspondence of a class of four dimensional dual string constructions with N=4 and N=2 supersymmetry, obtained as Z_2 or Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds of the type II, heterotic and type I string.…
We present two different families of stationary black strings in three dimensions carrying electric and axion charges. Both solutions contain a singular region, which however is quite harmless for string frame geodesic observers, because…
Presenting systems of differential equations in the form of diagrams has become common in certain parts of physics, especially electromagnetism and computational physics. In this work, we aim to put such use of diagrams on a firm…
Spin networks, essentially labeled graphs, are ``good quantum numbers'' for the quantum theory of geometry. These structures encompass a diverse range of techniques which may be used in the quantum mechanics of finite dimensional systems,…
We explore gauge fields - strings duality by means of the loop equations and the zigzag symmetry. The results are striking and incomplete. Striking - because we find that the string ansatz proposed in [A.M. Polyakov, hep-th/9711002]…
For correlators in $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills preserving half the supersymmetry, we manifestly recast the gauge theory Feynman diagram expansion as a sum over dual closed strings. Each individual Feynman diagram maps on to a Riemann…
One goal of applied category theory is to better understand networks appearing throughout science and engineering. Here we introduce "structured cospans" as a way to study networks with inputs and outputs. Given a functor $L \colon…
We study monoidal categories that enjoy a certain weakening of the rigidity property, namely, the existence of a dualizing object in the sense of Grothendieck and Verdier. We call them Grothendieck-Verdier categories. Notable examples…
We propose a graphical language that accommodates two monoidal structures: a multiplicative one for pairing and an additional one for branching. In this colored PROP, whether wires in parallel are linked through the multiplicative structure…
We present Decapodes, a diagrammatic tool for representing, composing, and solving partial differential equations. Decapodes provides an intuitive diagrammatic representation of the relationships between variables in a system of equations,…
In this paper we describe a general framework for constructing examples of locally linear semistrict monoidal 2-categories covering many examples appearing in link homology theory. The main input datum is a closed foam evaluation formula.…
Duality symmetries for strings moving in non-trivial spacetime backgrounds are analysed. It is shown that, for backgrounds generated from compact WZW and coset models, such duality symmetries are exact to all orders in string perturbation…
We begin with a brief sketch of what is known and conjectured concerning braided monoidal 2-categories and their applications to 4d topological quantum field theories and 2-tangles (surfaces embedded in 4-dimensional space). Then we give…
We present a formula for the regular part of a sectorial form that represents a general linear second-order differential expression that may include lower-order terms. The formula is given in terms of the original coefficients. It shows…
Premonoidal categories and Freyd categories provide an encompassing framework for the semantics of call-by-value programming languages. Premonoidal categories are a weakening of monoidal categories in which the interchange law for the…
We construct heterotic string backgrounds corresponding to families of homogeneous spaces as exact conformal field theories. They contain left cosets of compact groups by their maximal tori supported by NS-NS 2-forms and gauge field fluxes.…
Under the six-dimensional heterotic/type $IIA$ duality map, a solitonic membrane solution of heterotic string theory transforms into a singular solution of type $IIA$ theory, and should therefore be interpreted as a fundamental membrane in…