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Legal multi-label classification is a critical task for organizing and accessing the vast amount of legal documentation. Despite its importance, it faces challenges such as the complexity of legal language, intricate label dependencies, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Emily Johnson , Xavier Holt , Noah Wilson

Syllogistic reasoning is crucial for sound legal decision-making, allowing legal professionals to draw logical conclusions by applying general principles to specific case facts. While large language models (LLMs) can answer legal questions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Kepu Zhang , Weijie Yu , Zhongxiang Sun , Jun Xu

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated efficacy in knowledge-intensive tasks such as open-domain QA, addressing inherent challenges in knowledge update and factual inadequacy. However, inconsistencies between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiajie Jin , Yutao Zhu , Yujia Zhou , Zhicheng Dou

Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, the stored knowledge in these models may inevitably be incomplete, out-of-date, or incorrect. This motivates the need to utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Hangfeng He , Hongming Zhang , Dan Roth

Despite remarkable performance in legal consultation exhibited by legal Large Language Models(LLMs) combined with legal article retrieval components, there are still cases when the advice given is incorrect or baseless. To alleviate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yutong Hu , Kangcheng Luo , Yansong Feng

With over 200 million published academic documents and millions of new documents being written each year, academic researchers face the challenge of searching for information within this vast corpus. However, existing retrieval systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Gengchen Wei , Xinle Pang , Tianning Zhang , Yu Sun , Xun Qian , Chen Lin , Han-Sen Zhong , Wanli Ouyang

Better understanding of Large Language Models' (LLMs) legal analysis abilities can contribute to improving the efficiency of legal services, governing artificial intelligence, and leveraging LLMs to identify inconsistencies in law. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 John J. Nay , David Karamardian , Sarah B. Lawsky , Wenting Tao , Meghana Bhat , Raghav Jain , Aaron Travis Lee , Jonathan H. Choi , Jungo Kasai

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds a pivotal shift in online user interactions with information. Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily relied on query-document matching, whereas LLMs excel in comprehending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Samira Ghodratnama , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Large language models (LLMs) are incredible and versatile tools for text-based tasks that have enabled countless, previously unimaginable, applications. Retrieval models, in contrast, have not yet seen such capable general-purpose models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

The proliferation of fake news has had far-reaching implications on politics, the economy, and society at large. While Fake news detection methods have been employed to mitigate this issue, they primarily depend on two essential elements:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Guanghua Li , Wensheng Lu , Wei Zhang , Defu Lian , Kezhong Lu , Rui Mao , Kai Shu , Hao Liao

Information retrieval is a rapidly evolving field of information retrieval, which is characterized by a continuous refinement of techniques and technologies, from basic hyperlink-based navigation to sophisticated algorithm-driven search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Dipankar Sarkar

Despite the dramatic progress in Large Language Model (LLM) development, LLMs often provide seemingly plausible but not factual information, often referred to as hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented LLMs provide a non-parametric approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Sai Munikoti , Anurag Acharya , Sridevi Wagle , Sameera Horawalavithana

Traditionally in the domain of legal research, the retrieval of pertinent citations from intricate case descriptions has demanded manual effort and keyword-based search applications that mandate expertise in understanding legal jargon.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Akshat Mohan Dasula , Hrushitha Tigulla , Preethika Bhukya

Information retrieval systems are crucial for enabling effective access to large document collections. Recent approaches have leveraged Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance retrieval performance through query augmentation, but often rely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pengcheng Jiang , Jiacheng Lin , Lang Cao , Runchu Tian , SeongKu Kang , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun , Jiawei Han

The paper advocates for LLMs to enhance the accessibility, usage and explainability of rule-based legal systems, contributing to a democratic and stakeholder-oriented view of legal technology. A methodology is developed to explore the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Marco Billi , Alessandro Parenti , Giuseppe Pisano , Marco Sanchi

Recent research demonstrates the effectiveness of using pre-trained language models for legal case retrieval. Most of the existing works focus on improving the representation ability for the contextualized embedding of the [CLS] token and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Haitao Li , Qingyao Ai , Xinyan Han , Jia Chen , Qian Dong , Yiqun Liu , Chong Chen , Qi Tian

The drafting of documents in the procurement field has progressively become more complex and diverse, driven by the need to meet legal requirements, adapt to technological advancements, and address stakeholder demands. While large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yilong Zhao , Daifeng Li

Legal Artificial Intelligence (LegalAI) has achieved notable advances in automating judicial decision-making with the support of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing legal LLMs still struggle to generate reliable and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xin Dai , Buqiang Xu , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Huiyuan Xie , Xiaoyuan Yi , Shuo Wang , Ge Yu

Identifying relevant legal precedents remains challenging, as most retrieval methods emphasize factual similarity over legal issues, and current systems often lack explanations clarifying case relevance. This paper proposes the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Vishnuprabha V , Daleesha M Viswanathan , Rajesh R , Aneesh V Pillai

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with context fidelity, producing inconsistent answers when responding to questions based on provided information. Existing approaches either rely on expensive supervised fine-tuning to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Suyuchen Wang , Jinlin Wang , Xinyu Wang , Shiqi Li , Xiangru Tang , Sirui Hong , Xiao-Wen Chang , Chenglin Wu , Bang Liu