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Low-energy cosmic rays are a fundamental source of ionization for molecular clouds, influencing their chemical, thermal and dynamical evolution. The purpose of this work is to explore the possibility that a low-energy component of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Marco Padovani , Daniele Galli , Alfred E. Glassgold

The rotational transitions of carbon monoxide (CO) are the primary means of investigating the density and velocity structure of the molecular interstellar medium. Here we study the lowest four rotational transitions of CO towards…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 James G. Ingalls , T. M. Bania , Adair P. Lane , Matthias Rumitz , Antony A. Stark

Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) offer a unique chance to study the universe at energies inaccessible by man-made accelerators. Observations by ground based observatories have clarified several characteristics of these particles, but…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-05 M. Casolino

TUS is the world's first orbital detector of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs), which operates as a part of the scientific payload of the Lomonosov satellite since May 19, 2016. TUS employs the nocturnal atmosphere of the Earth to register…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Mikhail Zotov

The analysis of the CoRoT space mission data was performed aiming to test a method that selects, among the several light curves observed, the transiting systems that likely host a low-mass star orbiting the main target. The method…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-01 Ronaldo Da Silva , Adriana Silva-Valio

The LSPE is a balloon-borne mission aimed at measuring the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) at large angular scales, and in particular to constrain the curl component of CMB polarization (B-modes) produced by tensor…

Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme and a mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA, will explore the Sun and heliosphere from close up and out of the ecliptic plane. It was launched…

The Sky Polarization Observatory is an experiment selected by ESA for the Early Opportunity Phase onboard the International Space Station. SPOrt is the first payload specifically designed for polarization measurements, it will provide near…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Michele Orsini , Ettore Carretti , Stefano Cortiglioni

Indian Centre for Space Physics has taken a novel strategy to study low energy cosmic rays and astrophysical X-ray sources which involve very light weight payloads up to about five kilograms on board a single or multiple balloons which are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-04 Sandip K. Chakrabarti , Ritabrata Sarkar , Debashis Bhowmick , Arnab Bhattacharya

Ultra-precise optical clocks in space will allow new studies in fundamental physics and astronomy. Within an European Space Agency (ESA) program, the Space Optical Clocks (SOC) project aims to install and to operate an optical lattice clock…

Neutrinos are unique cosmic messengers. Present attempts are directed to extend the window of cosmic neutrino observation from low energies (Sun, supernovae) to much higher energies. The aim is to study the most violent processes in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Ulrich F. Katz , Christian Spiering

The EndoTOFPET-US project aims to jointly exploit Time-Of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography (TOFPET) and ultrasound endoscopy with a multi-modal instrument for the development of new biomarkers for pancreas and prostate oncology. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-03-20 Erika Garutti

Pulsating stars in eclipsing binary systems are powerful tools to test stellar models. Binarity enables to constrain the pulsating component physical parameters, whose knowledge drastically improves the input physics for asteroseismic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 C. Maceroni , J. Montalbán , D. Gandolfi , K. Pavlovski , M. Rainer

Exposure to bio-aerosols such as mold spores and pollen can lead to adverse health effects. There is a need for a portable and cost-effective device for long-term monitoring and quantification of various bio-aerosols. To address this need,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Yi Luo , Yijie Zhang , Tairan Liu , Alan Yu , Yichen Wu , Aydogan Ozcan

The Characterising Exoplanet Satellite (CHEOPS) is a space mission designed to perform photometric observations of bright stars to obtain precise radii measurements of transiting planets. The high-precision photometry of CHEOPS relies on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Adrien Deline , Didier Queloz , Bruno Chazelas , Michaël Sordet , François Wildi , Andrea Fortier , Christopher Broeg , David Futyan , Willy Benz

A milestone in understanding life in the universe is the detection of biosignature gases in the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets. Future mission concepts under study by the 2020 decadal survey, e.g., HabEx and LUVOIR, have the potential…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Ji Wang , Dimitri Mawet , Renyu Hu , Garreth Ruane , Jacques-Robert Delorme , Nikita Klimovic

High-resolution Doppler spectroscopy provides an avenue to study the atmosphere of both transiting and non-transiting planets. This powerful method has also yielded some of the most robust atmospheric detections to date. Currently,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-09 S. M. Matthews , C. A. Watson , E. J. W. de Mooij , T. R. Marsh , M. Brogi , S. R. Merritt , K. W. Smith , D. Steeghs

IXPE is a Small Explorer mission that was launched at the end of 2021 to measure the polarization of X-ray emission from tens of astronomical sources. Its focal plane detectors are based on the Gas Pixel Detector, which measures the…

Microscopic analysis of micro particles in situ in diverse water environments is necessary for monitoring water quality and localizing contamination sources. Conventional sensors such as optical microscopes and fluorometers often require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Kevin Mallery , Dario Canelon , Jiarong Hong , Nikolaos Papanikolopoulos