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Vision-language models (VLMs) work well in tasks ranging from image captioning to visual question answering (VQA), yet they struggle with spatial reasoning, a key skill for understanding our physical world that humans excel at. We find that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Michael Ogezi , Freda Shi

We propose the VLR-Bench, a visual question answering (VQA) benchmark for evaluating vision language models (VLMs) based on retrieval augmented generation (RAG). Unlike existing evaluation datasets for external knowledge-based VQA, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Hyeonseok Lim , Dongjae Shin , Seohyun Song , Inho Won , Minjun Kim , Junghun Yuk , Haneol Jang , KyungTae Lim

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) requires models to jointly understand textual semantics, spatial layout, and visual features. Current methods struggle with explicit spatial relationship modeling, inefficiency with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ahmad Mohammadshirazi , Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi , Dheeraj Kulshrestha , Rajiv Ramnath

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) for domain-specific question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging external knowledge sources. However, traditional RAG systems primarily focus on relevance-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mohammad Reza Rezaei , Adji Bousso Dieng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an effective method to enhance the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods typically optimize the retriever or the generator in a RAG system by directly using the top-k…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shaohan Wang , Licheng Zhang , Zheren Fu , Zhendong Mao , Yongdong Zhang

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enhances reasoning capabilities by integrating external knowledge. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on simple image-text interactions, overlooking complex visual formats like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yuming Yang , Jiang Zhong , Li Jin , Jingwang Huang , Jingpeng Gao , Qing Liu , Yang Bai , Jingyuan Zhang , Rui Jiang , Kaiwen Wei

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) augments large language models (LLM) by retrieving relevant knowledge, showing promising potential in mitigating LLM hallucinations and enhancing response quality, thereby facilitating the great adoption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, especially in domain-specific contexts, requires benchmarks that address the distinctive requirements of the applicative scenario. Since real data can be hard to obtain, a common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Simone Filice , Guy Horowitz , David Carmel , Zohar Karnin , Liane Lewin-Eytan , Yoelle Maarek

Providing external knowledge to Large Language Models (LLMs) is a key point for using these models in real-world applications for several reasons, such as incorporating up-to-date content in a real-time manner, providing access to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Simon Akesson , Frances A. Santos

Medical question answering (QA) requires extensive access to domain-specific knowledge. A promising direction is to enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieved from medical corpora or parametric knowledge stored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lei Li , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu

Comprehensively understanding surgical scenes in Surgical Visual Question Answering (Surgical VQA) requires reasoning over multiple objects. Previous approaches address this task using cross-modal fusion strategies to enhance reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Wenjun Hou , Yi Cheng , Kaishuai Xu , Yan Hu , Wenjie Li , Jiang Liu

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has allowed numerous applications, including the generation of queried responses, to be leveraged in chatbots and other conversational assistants. Being trained on a plethora of data, LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Deeksha Prahlad , Chanhee Lee , Dongha Kim , Hokeun Kim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Large language models like ChatGPT are increasingly used in classrooms, but they often provide outdated or fabricated information that can mislead students. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of LLMs by grounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Amay Jain , Liu Cui , Si Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) showcase impressive capabilities but encounter challenges like hallucination, outdated knowledge, and non-transparent, untraceable reasoning processes. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yunfan Gao , Yun Xiong , Xinyu Gao , Kangxiang Jia , Jinliu Pan , Yuxi Bi , Yi Dai , Jiawei Sun , Meng Wang , Haofen Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged to address the knowledge-intensive visual question answering (VQA) task. Current methods mainly employ separate retrieval and generation modules to acquire external knowledge and generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xinwei Long , Zhiyuan Ma , Ermo Hua , Kaiyan Zhang , Biqing Qi , Bowen Zhou

The ability of generative language models (GLMs) to generate text has improved considerably in the last few years, enabling their use for generative data augmentation. In this work, we propose CONDA, an approach to further improve GLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Dheeraj Mekala , Tu Vu , Timo Schick , Jingbo Shang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated great performance on visual question answering (VQA). When it comes to knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (KB-VQA), MLLMs may lack the specialized domain knowledge needed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Weixi Weng , Jieming Zhu , Xiaojun Meng , Hao Zhang , Rui Zhang , Chun Yuan

Multi-modal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a critical method for empowering LLMs by leveraging candidate visual documents. However, current methods consider the entire document as the basic retrieval unit, introducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yinglu Li , Zhiying Lu , Zhihang Liu , Yiwei Sun , Chuanbin Liu , Hongtao Xie

Large language models (LLMs) show promise in solving scientific problems. They can help generate long-form answers for scientific questions, which are crucial for comprehensive understanding of complex phenomena that require detailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Haozhou Xu , Dongxia Wu , Matteo Chinazzi , Ruijia Niu , Rose Yu , Yi-An Ma