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When language models answer open-ended problems, they implicitly make hidden decisions that shape their outputs, leaving users with uncontextualized answers rather than a working map of the problem; drawing on multiverse analysis from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andre Ye , Jenny Y. Huang , Alicia Guo , Rose Novick , Tamara Broderick , Mitchell L. Gordon

In recent years, multimodal recommendation has received significant attention and achieved remarkable success in GCN-based recommendation methods. However, there are two key challenges here: (1) There is a significant amount of redundant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xiangchen Pan , Wei Wei

Nowadays, cross-modal retrieval plays an indispensable role to flexibly find information across different modalities of data. Effectively measuring the similarity between different modalities of data is the key of cross-modal retrieval.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Yuxin Peng , Jinwei Qi , Yuxin Yuan

In an educational setting, an estimate of the difficulty of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), a commonly used strategy to assess learning progress, constitutes very useful information for both teachers and students. Since human assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Leonidas Zotos , Hedderik van Rijn , Malvina Nissim

With surge in online platforms, there has been an upsurge in the user engagement on these platforms via comments and reactions. A large portion of such textual comments are abusive, rude and offensive to the audience. With machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Ayush Kumar , Pratik Kumar

Multimodal video understanding plays a crucial role in tasks such as action recognition and emotion classification by combining information from different modalities. However, multimodal models are prone to overfitting strong modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiaoyu Ma , Ding Ding , Hao Chen

Unified multimodal large language models (U-MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in visual understanding and generation in an end-to-end pipeline. Compared with generation-only models (e.g., Stable Diffusion), U-MLLMs may raise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Ming Liu , Hao Chen , Jindong Wang , Liwen Wang , Bhiksha Raj Ramakrishnan , Wensheng Zhang

Personalized recommendation serves as a ubiquitous channel for users to discover information tailored to their interests. However, traditional recommendation models primarily rely on unique IDs and categorical features for user-item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Qijiong Liu , Jieming Zhu , Yanting Yang , Quanyu Dai , Zhaocheng Du , Xiao-Ming Wu , Zhou Zhao , Rui Zhang , Zhenhua Dong

A fundamental technique of recommender systems involves modeling user preferences, where queries and items are widely used as symbolic representations of user interests. Queries delineate user needs at an abstract level, providing a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jiarui Jin , Xianyu Chen , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Jun Wang

Acquiring valuable data from the rapidly expanding information on the internet has become a significant concern, and recommender systems have emerged as a widely used and effective tool for helping users discover items of interest. The…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jinfeng Xu , Zheyu Chen , Shuo Yang , Jinze Li , Wei Wang , Xiping Hu , Steven Hoi , Edith Ngai

The digital realm has witnessed the rise of various search modalities, among which the Image-Based Conversational Search System stands out. This research delves into the design, implementation, and evaluation of this specific system,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Yue Zheng , Lei Yu , Junmian Chen , Tianyu Xia , Yuanyuan Yin , Shan Wang , Haiming Liu

Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in text-to-image generation (T2I) and editing (TI2I), whether instantiated as assembled unified frameworks which couple powerful vision-language model (VLM) with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuxin Song , Wenkai Dong , Shizun Wang , Qi Zhang , Song Xue , Tao Yuan , Hu Yang , Haocheng Feng , Hang Zhou , Xinyan Xiao , Jingdong Wang

Explaining firm decisions made by algorithms in customer-facing applications is increasingly required by regulators and expected by customers. While the emerging field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has mainly focused on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yanou Ramon , Tom Vermeire , Olivier Toubia , David Martens , Theodoros Evgeniou

Recent research has increasingly focused on multimodal mathematical reasoning, particularly emphasizing the creation of relevant datasets and benchmarks. Despite this, the role of visual information in reasoning has been underexplored. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yufang Liu , Yao Du , Tao Ji , Jianing Wang , Yang Liu , Yuanbin Wu , Aimin Zhou , Mengdi Zhang , Xunliang Cai

Multimodal information retrieval (MIR) faces inherent challenges due to the heterogeneity of data sources and the complexity of cross-modal alignment. While previous studies have identified modal gaps in feature spaces, a systematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Fanheng Kong , Jingyuan Zhang , Yahui Liu , Hongzhi Zhang , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yu Tian , Victoria W. , Fuzheng Zhang , Guorui Zhou

While recommender systems with multi-modal item representations (image, audio, and text), have been widely explored, learning recommendations from multi-modal user interactions (e.g., clicks and speech) remains an open problem. We study the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Simone Borg Bruun , Krisztian Balog , Maria Maistro

Conventional recommendation systems frequently fail to fully exploit the high-dimensional semantic signals inherent in multimedia content, thereby limiting the fidelity of user preference modeling. While Multimodal Large Language Models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiming Zhu , Xu Liu , Ziyun Xu , Zheng Wu , Joena Zhang , Sirius Chen , Chenheli Hua , Silvester Yao , Qichao Que , Wentao Shi , Junfeng Pan , Linhong Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as coding assistants. However, the ambiguity of the developer's prompt often leads to incorrect code generation, as current models struggle to infer user intent without extensive prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Harsh Darji , Thibaud Lutellier

Multimedia content is of predominance in the modern Web era. Investigating how users interact with multimodal items is a continuing concern within the rapid development of recommender systems. The majority of previous work focuses on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Jinghao Zhang , Yanqiao Zhu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Shuhui Wang , Liang Wang

Image-text retrieval, as a fundamental and important branch of information retrieval, has attracted extensive research attentions. The main challenge of this task is cross-modal semantic understanding and matching. Some recent works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Weijing Chen , Linli Yao , Qin Jin