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Automatic captioning of images is a task that combines the challenges of image analysis and text generation. One important aspect in captioning is the notion of attention: How to decide what to describe and in which order. Inspired by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Sen He , Wentong Liao , Hamed R. Tavakoli , Michael Yang , Bodo Rosenhahn , Nicolas Pugeault

Contrastive vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant progress in binding visual and textual information, yet understanding long, compositional captions remains an open challenge. While these capabilities are often assumed to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Israfel Salazar , Desmond Elliott , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) integrate visual and linguistic reasoning to address complex tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. While MLLMs demonstrate remarkable versatility, MLLMs appears limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Xianda Guo , Yiyang Fang , Guancheng Wan , Xuankun Rong , Chi Wen , Zekun Shi , Qingyun Li , Didi Zhu , Yanbiao Ma , Ke Liang , Bin Yang , He Li , Jiawei Shao , Mang Ye , Bo Du

Visual Storytelling is a challenging multimodal task between Vision & Language, where the purpose is to generate a story for a stream of images. Its difficulty lies on the fact that the story should be both grounded to the image sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Admitos Passadakis , Yingjin Song , Albert Gatt

Visual instruction tuning has become the predominant technology in eliciting the multimodal task-solving capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Despite the success, as visual instructions require images as the input, it would…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zikang Liu , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Dawei Gao , Yaliang Li , Ji-Rong Wen

Understanding the property of neural populations (or voxels) in the human brain can advance our comprehension of human perceptual and cognitive processing capabilities and contribute to developing brain-inspired computer models. Recent…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Takuya Matsuyama , Shinji Nishimoto , Yu Takagi

Emotion estimation in images is a challenging task, typically using computer vision methods to directly estimate people's emotions using face, body pose and contextual cues. In this paper, we explore whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Vera Yang , Archita Srivastava , Yasaman Etesam , Chuxuan Zhang , Angelica Lim

The frequent need for analysts to create visualizations to derive insights from data has driven extensive research into the generation of natural Language to Visualization (NL2VIS). While recent progress in large language models (LLMs)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Xinyu Wang , Chenwei Liang , Shunyuan Zheng , Jinyuan Liang , Guozheng Li , Yu Zhang , Chi Harold Liu

Recent advances in visual-language machine learning models have demonstrated exceptional ability to use natural language and understand visual scenes by training on large, unstructured datasets. However, this training paradigm cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Anthony C Davis , Burhan Sadiq , Tianmin Shu , Chien-Ming Huang

Image captioning is a multimodal problem that has drawn extensive attention in both the natural language processing and computer vision community. In this paper, we present a novel image captioning architecture to better explore semantics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Zhan Shi , Xu Zhou , Xipeng Qiu , Xiaodan Zhu

Describing images in natural language is a fundamental step towards the automatic modeling of connections between the visual and textual modalities. In this paper we present CaMEL, a novel Transformer-based architecture for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Manuele Barraco , Matteo Stefanini , Marcella Cornia , Silvia Cascianelli , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

This paper presents several novel findings on the explainability of vision reflection in large multimodal models (LMMs). First, we show that prompting an LMM to verify the prediction of a specialized vision model can improve recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Guoyuan An , JaeYoon Kim , SungEui Yoon

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are now increasingly being merged with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable new capabilities, particularly in terms of improved interactivity and open-ended responsiveness. While these are remarkable…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language processing. However, their internal mechanisms are still unclear and this lack of transparency poses unwanted risks for downstream applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Haiyan Zhao , Hanjie Chen , Fan Yang , Ninghao Liu , Huiqi Deng , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Mengnan Du

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in complex tasks like machine translation, commonsense reasoning, and language understanding. One of the primary reasons for the adaptability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Nicholas Kroeger , Dan Ley , Satyapriya Krishna , Chirag Agarwal , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Automated audio captioning is a task that generates textual descriptions for audio content, and recent studies have explored using visual information to enhance captioning quality. However, current methods often fail to effectively fuse…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Kyeongha Rho , Hyeongkeun Lee , Valentio Iverson , Joon Son Chung

Visual language is a system of communication that conveys information through symbols, shapes, and spatial arrangements. Diagrams are a typical example of a visual language depicting complex concepts and their relationships in the form of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yifan Hou , Buse Giledereli , Yilei Tu , Mrinmaya Sachan

Image captioning using Vision Transformers (ViTs) represents a pivotal convergence of computer vision and natural language processing, offering the potential to enhance user experiences, improve accessibility, and provide textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Stanley Cao , Sonny Young

This paper presents a unified Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) model. The model is unified in that (1) it can be fine-tuned for either vision-language generation (e.g., image captioning) or understanding (e.g., visual question answering)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Luowei Zhou , Hamid Palangi , Lei Zhang , Houdong Hu , Jason J. Corso , Jianfeng Gao

The evolution of large models has witnessed the emergence of In-Context Learning (ICL) capabilities. In Natural Language Processing (NLP), numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ICL. Inspired by the success of Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Li Li , Yongliang Wu , Jingze Zhu , Jiawei Peng , Jianfei Cai , Xu Yang