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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for machine translation has shown improvements in overall translation quality. However, it is unclear what is the impact of fine-tuning on desirable LLM behaviors that are not present in neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 David Stap , Eva Hasler , Bill Byrne , Christof Monz , Ke Tran

Multilingual machine translation enables a single model to translate between different languages. Most existing multilingual machine translation systems adopt a randomly initialized Transformer backbone. In this work, inspired by the recent…

Despite major advances in multilingual modeling, large quality disparities persist across languages. Besides the obvious impact of uneven training resources, typological properties have also been proposed to determine the intrinsic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vitalii Hirak , Jaap Jumelet , Arianna Bisazza

Large Language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable abilities in understanding complex texts, offering a promising path towards human-like translation performance. However, this study reveals the misalignment between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yichong Huang , Baohang Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Chengpeng Fu , Wenshuai Huo , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Machine Translation (MT) has the potential to help people overcome language barriers and is widely used in high-stakes scenarios, such as in hospitals. However, in order to use MT reliably and safely, users need to understand when to trust…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Wesley Hanwen Deng , Nikita Mehandru , Samantha Robertson , Niloufar Salehi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated multilingual capabilities, yet they are mostly English-centric due to the imbalanced training corpora. While prior works have leveraged this bias to enhance multilingual performance through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Chaoqun Liu , Wenxuan Zhang , Yiran Zhao , Anh Tuan Luu , Lidong Bing

Machine Translation (MT) has been widely used for cross-lingual classification, either by translating the test set into English and running inference with a monolingual model (translate-test), or translating the training set into the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Mikel Artetxe , Vedanuj Goswami , Shruti Bhosale , Angela Fan , Luke Zettlemoyer

As the quality of machine translation rises and neural machine translation (NMT) is moving from sentence to document level translations, it is becoming increasingly difficult to evaluate the output of translation systems. We provide a test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Kateřina Rysová , Magdaléna Rysová , Tomáš Musil , Lucie Poláková , Ondřej Bojar

LLMs are increasingly being deployed for multilingual applications and have demonstrated impressive translation capabilities between several low and high-resource languages. An aspect of translation that often gets overlooked is that of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Pushpdeep Singh , Mayur Patidar , Lovekesh Vig

Large language model (LLM) shows promising performances in a variety of downstream tasks, such as machine translation (MT). However, using LLMs for translation suffers from high computational costs and significant latency. Based on our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhanglin Wu , Daimeng Wei , Xiaoyu Chen , Hengchao Shang , Jiaxin Guo , Zongyao Li , Yuanchang Luo , Jinlong Yang , Zhiqiang Rao , Hao Yang

Machine translation (MT) plays an important role in benefiting linguists, sociologists, computer scientists, etc. by processing natural language to translate it into some other natural language. And this demand has grown exponentially over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Ankush Garg , Mayank Agarwal

The rapid proliferation of LLMs has created a critical evaluation paradox: while LLMs claim multilingual proficiency, comprehensive non-machine-translated benchmarks exist for fewer than 30 languages, leaving >98% of the world's 7,000…

This paper describes the Microsoft Translator submissions to the WMT19 news translation shared task for English-German. Our main focus is document-level neural machine translation with deep transformer models. We start with strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

Perfect machine translation (MT) would render cross-lingual transfer (XLT) by means of multilingual language models (mLMs) superfluous. Given, on the one hand, the large body of work on improving XLT with mLMs and, on the other hand, recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Benedikt Ebing , Goran Glavaš

Despite significant advances in vision-language models (VLMs), most existing work follows an English-centric design process, limiting their effectiveness in multilingual settings. In this work, we provide a comprehensive empirical study…

The inaccurate translation of numbers can lead to significant security issues, ranging from financial setbacks to medical inaccuracies. While large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in machine translation, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Wei Tang , Jiawei Yu , Yuang Li , Yanqing Zhao , Weidong Zhang , Wei Feng , Min Zhang , Hao Yang

Machine translation (MT) was developed as one of the hottest research topics in the natural language processing (NLP) literature. One important issue in MT is that how to evaluate the MT system reasonably and tell us whether the translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Lifeng Han

High-quality machine translation (MT) can scale to hundreds of languages, setting a high bar for multilingual systems. However, compared to the world's 7,000 languages, current systems still offer only limited coverage: about 200 languages…

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) enables flexible and interpretable automatic evaluations. In the field of machine translation evaluation, utilizing LLMs with translation error annotations based on Multidimensional Quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shijie Zhang , Renhao Li , Songsheng Wang , Philipp Koehn , Min Yang , Derek F. Wong

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have led to new possibilities in terms of problem-solving, through the devising of a natural language thought process prior to answering a query. While their capabilities are well known across mathematics and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Armel Zebaze , Rachel Bawden , Benoît Sagot