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Correlations related to related to quantum entanglement have convinced many physicists that there must be some at-a-distance connection between separated events, at the quantum level. In the late 1940s, however, O. Costa de Beauregard…
By combining the assumptions of Bell locality with those of generalized noncontextuality, we define classes of noncontextuality inequalities for correlations arising in a bipartite Bell circuit. These classes are distinguished by which…
Although the foundations of quantum and classical physics are much different, it is often difficult to pinpoint which features of a particular system are intrinsically "quantum". Perhapse, the most clear-cut distinction between "classical"…
Learning disentangled causal representations is a challenging problem that has gained significant attention recently due to its implications for extracting meaningful information for downstream tasks. In this work, we define a new notion of…
Causal Modeling Semantics (CMS, e.g., Galles and Pearl 1998; Pearl 2000; Halpern 2000) is a powerful framework for evaluating counterfactuals whose antecedent is a conjunction of atomic formulas. We extend CMS to an evaluation of the…
We study the entanglement between two coupled detectors, whose internal degrees of freedom are modeled by harmonic oscillators, interacting with a common quantum field, paying special attention to two less studied yet important features:…
It has long been recognized as a difficult problem to determine whether the observed statistical correlation between two classical variables arise from causality or from common causes. Recent research has shown that in quantum theoretical…
Given the recent interest in perspectival quantum reference frames (QRFs), we ask how quantum properties in the perspectival picture relate to their global, non-perspectival counterparts. It is instructive to establish this link, as most…
We consider a simple string model to explain and partly demystify the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. The model in question has nothing to do with string theory: it uses macroscopic strings that can be acted upon by Alice and Bob in…
Developing a quantum analog of the modern classical theory of causation, as formulated by Pearl and others using directed acyclic graphs, requires a theory of random or stochastic time development at the microscopic level, where the…
Entanglement detection in high dimensional systems is a NP-hard problem since it is lacking an efficient way. Given a bipartite quantum state of interest free entanglement can be detected efficiently by the PPT-criterion (Peres-Horodecki…
Whether the quantum mechanics (QM) is non-local is an issue disputed for a long time. The violation of the Bell-type inequalities was considered as proving this non-locality. However, these inequalities are constructed on a class of local…
Backward causation in which future events affect the past is formalized in a way consistent with Special Relativity and shown to restore locality to nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. It can explain the correlations of the EPR paradox…
Causal discovery algorithms allow for the inference of causal structures from probabilistic relations of random variables. A natural field for the application of this tool is quantum mechanics, where a long-standing debate about the role of…
This paper is concerned with the causally symmetric version of the familiar de Broglie-Bohm interpretation, this version allowing the spacelike nonlocality and the configuration space ontology of the original model to be avoided via the…
Entanglement and its consequences - in particular the violation of Bell inequalities, which defies our concepts of realism and locality - have been proven to play key roles in Nature by many experiments for various quantum systems.…
In this paper, we propose a method to probe entanglement in a theoretically inaccessible quantum system with either a discrete or continuous basis. Our approach leverages insights into the entanglement distribution within a four-partite…
A topic of great current interest is Causal Representation Learning (CRL), whose goal is to learn a causal model for hidden features in a data-driven manner. Unfortunately, CRL is severely ill-posed since it is a combination of the two…
Why does a phenomenon occur? Addressing this question is central to most scientific inquiries and often relies on simulations of scientific models. As models become more intricate, deciphering the causes behind phenomena in high-dimensional…
The violation of a Bell inequality is a striking demonstration of how quantum mechanics contradicts local realism. Although the original argument was presented with a pair of spin 1/2 particles, so far Bell inequalities have been shown to…