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Modern deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods have made significant advances in handling continuous action spaces. However, real-world control systems, especially those requiring precise and reliable performance, often demand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xuyang Li , Romit Maulik

This work presents WorldCompass, a novel Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-training framework for the long-horizon, interactive video-based world models, enabling them to explore the world more accurately and consistently based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zehan Wang , Tengfei Wang , Haiyu Zhang , Xuhui Zuo , Junta Wu , Haoyuan Wang , Wenqiang Sun , Zhenwei Wang , Chenjie Cao , Hengshuang Zhao , Chunchao Guo , Zhou Zhao

Transformer models have achieved remarkable empirical successes, largely due to their in-context learning capabilities. Inspired by this, we explore training an autoregressive transformer for in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Juncheng Dong , Moyang Guo , Ethan X. Fang , Zhuoran Yang , Vahid Tarokh

One of the biggest challenges to modern deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms is sample efficiency. Many approaches learn a world model in order to train an agent entirely in imagination, eliminating the need for direct environment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Paul Mattes , Rainer Schlosser , Ralf Herbrich

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a sub-domain of machine learning, mainly concerned with solving sequential decision-making problems by a learning agent that interacts with the decision environment to improve its behavior through the reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hossein Hassani , Ehsan Hallaji , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Mehrdad Saif , Liang Lin

Meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) is a promising framework for tackling challenging domains requiring efficient exploration. Existing meta-RL algorithms are characterized by low sample efficiency, and mostly focus on low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zohar Rimon , Tom Jurgenson , Orr Krupnik , Gilad Adler , Aviv Tamar

Learning tabula rasa, that is without any prior knowledge, is the prevalent workflow in reinforcement learning (RL) research. However, RL systems, when applied to large-scale settings, rarely operate tabula rasa. Such large-scale systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Rishabh Agarwal , Max Schwarzer , Pablo Samuel Castro , Aaron Courville , Marc G. Bellemare

In contemporary radiotherapy planning (RTP), a key module leaf sequencing is predominantly addressed by optimization-based approaches. In this paper, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model termed as Reinforced Leaf…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Riqiang Gao , Florin C. Ghesu , Simon Arberet , Shahab Basiri , Esa Kuusela , Martin Kraus , Dorin Comaniciu , Ali Kamen

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become the leading approach for creating artificial agents in complex environments. Model-based approaches, which are RL methods with world models that predict environment dynamics, are among the most…

In-context learning is a promising approach for offline reinforcement learning (RL) to handle online tasks, which can be achieved by providing task prompts. Recent works demonstrated that in-context RL could emerge with self-improvement in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Sili Huang , Jifeng Hu , Hechang Chen , Lichao Sun , Bo Yang

Humans are masters at quickly learning many complex tasks, relying on an approximate understanding of the dynamics of their environments. In much the same way, we would like our learning agents to quickly adapt to new tasks. In this paper,…

World models are emerging as a transformative paradigm in artificial intelligence, enabling agents to construct internal representations of their environments for predictive reasoning, planning, and decision-making. By learning latent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Changyuan Zhao , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gaosheng Zhao , Dusit Niyato , Geng Sun , Shiwen Mao , Dong In Kim

We present three improvements to the standard model-based RL paradigm based on transformers: (a) "Dyna with warmup", which trains the policy on real and imaginary data, but only starts using imaginary data after the world model has been…

Planning - the ability to analyze the structure of a problem in the large and decompose it into interrelated subproblems - is a hallmark of human intelligence. While deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise for solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Lunjun Zhang , Ge Yang , Bradly C. Stadie

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) are proving to be a powerful paradigm in unifying task modeling across diverse data domains, offering key advantages such as memory efficiency and resolution independence. Conventional deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Soroush Mehraban , Michael Brudno , Babak Taati

In the landscape of Recommender System (RS) applications, reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a powerful tool, primarily due to its proficiency in optimizing long-term rewards. Nevertheless, it suffers from instability in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ziru Liu , Shuchang Liu , Zijian Zhang , Qingpeng Cai , Xiangyu Zhao , Kesen Zhao , Lantao Hu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Providing a suitable reward function to reinforcement learning can be difficult in many real world applications. While inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) holds promise for automatically learning reward functions from demonstrations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Lantao Yu , Tianhe Yu , Chelsea Finn , Stefano Ermon

In reinforcement learning (RL), world models serve as internal simulators, enabling agents to predict environment dynamics and future outcomes in order to make informed decisions. While previous approaches leveraging discrete latent spaces,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Aidan Scannell , Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Kalle Kujanpää , Yi Zhao , Kevin Sebastian Luck , Arno Solin , Joni Pajarinen

Predictive autoscaling (autoscaling with workload forecasting) is an important mechanism that supports autonomous adjustment of computing resources in accordance with fluctuating workload demands in the Cloud. In recent works, Reinforcement…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) presents an attractive paradigm for training intelligent agents without expensive online interactions. However, current approaches still struggle with complex, long-horizon sequential decision making. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Changyeon Kim , Haeone Lee , Younggyo Seo , Kimin Lee , Yuke Zhu