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An essential part of software maintenance and evolution, refactoring is performed by developers, regardless of technology or domain, to improve the internal quality of the system, and reduce its technical debt. However, choosing the…
The online technical Q&A site Stack Overflow (SO) is popular among developers to support their coding and diverse development needs. To address shortcomings in API official documentation resources, several research has thus focused on…
Norms are behavioral expectations in communities. Online communities are also expected to abide by the rules and regulations that are expressed in the code of conduct of a system. Even though community authorities continuously prompt their…
A growing number of software-intensive systems are being accused of violating or ignoring human values (e.g., privacy, inclusion, and social responsibility), and this poses great difficulties to individuals and society. Such violations…
Q&A platforms have been crucial for the online help-seeking behavior of programmers. However, the recent popularity of ChatGPT is altering this trend. Despite this popularity, no comprehensive study has been conducted to evaluate the…
In Stack Overflow (SO), the quality of posts (i.e., questions and answers) is subjectively evaluated by users through a voting mechanism. The net votes (upvotes - downvotes) obtained by a post are often considered an approximation of its…
GraphQL is a query language and web application programming interface (API) for client-server architecture. Its advantages include type-safe queries, which allow clients to retrieve the data they require precisely in a single request. As…
Docker technology has been increasingly used among software developers in a multitude of projects. This growing interest is due to the fact that Docker technology supports a convenient process for creating and building containers, promoting…
Energy consumption of software applications has emerged as a critical concern for developers to contemplate in their daily development processes. Previous studies have surveyed a limited number of developers to understand their viewpoints…
Stack Overflow (SO) is the most popular question-and-answer website for software developers, providing a large amount of copyable code snippets. Using those snippets raises maintenance and legal issues. SO's license (CC BY-SA 3.0) requires…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have been developed rapidly, and AI-based systems have been widely used in various application domains with opportunities and challenges. However, little is known about the architecture decisions…
New programming languages (e.g., Swift, Go, Rust, etc.) are being introduced to provide a better opportunity for the developers to make software development robust and easy. At the early stage, a programming language is likely to have…
Software architecture is critical in succeeding with DevOps. However, designing software architectures that enable and support DevOps (DevOps-driven software architectures) is a challenge for organizations. We assert that one of the…
Software reuse is a crucial external quality attribute targeted by open-source and commercial projects. Despite that software reuse has experienced an increased adoption throughout the years, little is known about what aspects of code reuse…
Images are increasingly being shared by software developers in diverse channels including question-and-answer forums like Stack Overflow. Although prior work has pointed out that these images are meaningful and provide complementary…
Community Question Answering (CQA) websites have become valuable repositories which host a massive volume of human knowledge. To maximize the utility of such knowledge, it is essential to evaluate the quality of an existing question or…
Community Question Answering is the field of computational linguistics that deals with problems derived from the questions and answers posted to websites such as Quora or Stack Overflow. Among some of these problems we find the issue of…
Context: The advent of Large Language Model-driven tools like ChatGPT offers software engineers an interactive alternative to community question-answering (CQA) platforms like Stack Overflow. While Stack Overflow provides benefits from the…
Ever since the launch of ChatGPT in 2022, a rising concern is whether ChatGPT will replace programmers and kill jobs. Motivated by this widespread concern, we conducted an empirical study to systematically compare ChatGPT against…
Social media platforms shape public discourse through two fundamental design choices that naturally co-occur in any field investigation: platform architecture, which defines what types of actors exist and how they interact, and…