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Text-to-image generative models are a new and powerful way to generate visual artwork. However, the open-ended nature of text as interaction is double-edged; while users can input anything and have access to an infinite range of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Vivian Liu , Lydia B. Chilton

Generative AI is an emerging technology that will have a profound impact on society and individuals. Only a decade ago, it was thought that creative work would be among the last to be automated - yet today, we see AI encroaching on creative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jonas Oppenlaender , Aku Visuri , Ville Paananen , Rhema Linder , Johanna Silvennoinen

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to grow daily, more exciting (and somewhat controversial) technology emerges every other day. As we see the advancements in AI, we see more and more people becoming skeptical of it. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Prerana Khatiwada , Joshua Washington , Tyler Walsh , Ahmed Saif Hamed , Lokesh Bhatta

Most image generation methods are difficult to precisely control the properties of the generated images, such as structure, scale, shape, etc., which limits its large-scale application in creative industries such as conceptual design and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Xiang Yuejia , Lv Chuanhao , Liu Qingdazhu , Yang Xiaocui , Liu Bo , Ju Meizhi

What does it mean to create a new concept, rather than retrieve a familiar one? Repeatedly sampling a generative model at the same prompt produces variations with similar styles and typical content. We propose that creativity is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mengye Ren

Assessing human creativity through visual outputs, such as drawings, plays a critical role in fields including psychology, education, and cognitive science. However, current assessment practices still rely heavily on expert-based subjective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zihao Lin , Zhenshan Shi , Sasa Zhao , Hanwei Zhu , Lingyu Zhu , Baoliang Chen , Lei Mo

Breakthroughs in generative AI (GenAI) have fueled debates concerning the artistic and legal status of AI-generated creations. We investigate laypeople's perceptions ($N$$=$$432$) of AI-generated art through the lens of copyright law. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Gabriel Lima , Nina Grgić-Hlača , Elissa Redmiles

Text-to-image generation has seen an explosion of interest since 2021. Today, beautiful and intriguing digital images and artworks can be synthesized from textual inputs ("prompts") with deep generative models. Online communities around…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jonas Oppenlaender

Assessing artistic creativity has long challenged researchers, with traditional methods proving time-consuming. Recent studies have applied machine learning to evaluate creativity in drawings, but not paintings. Our research addresses this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Zhehan Zhang , Meihua Qian , Li Luo , Qianyi Gao , Xianyong Wang , Ripon Saha , Xinxin Song

AI writing tools have been shown to dramatically change the way people write, yet the effects of AI text presentation are not well understood nor always intentionally designed. Although text presentation in existing large language model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-30 David Zhou , John R. Gallagher , Sarah Sterman

This study aims to evaluate machine intelligence through artistic creativity by employing a modified version of the Turing Test inspired by Lady Lovelace. It investigates two hypotheses: whether human judges can reliably distinguish…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ewelina Gajewska

Improvisation-the art of spontaneous creation that unfolds moment-to-moment without a scripted outcome-requires practitioners to continuously sense, adapt, and create anew. It is a fundamental mode of human creativity spanning music, dance,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Botao 'Amber' Hu

The word creativity originally described a concept from human psychology, but in the realm of computational creativity (CC), it has become much more. The question of what creativity means when it is part of a computational system might be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Nadia M. Ady , Faun Rice

Generative AI is shaping an increasingly hybrid society, where ideas and cultural artefacs are created both by humans and intelligent machines. Human creativity is influenced in complex, nonlinear ways by the actions of AI-driven agents…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Shota Shiiku , Raja Marjieh , Manuel Anglada-Tort , Nori Jacoby

AI code generation tools have expanded software creation beyond professional developers, giving rise to vibe coding, a practice in which users generate software via natural-language prompts, evaluate outputs primarily by execution. Prior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ahmed Fawzy , Amjed Tahir , Kelly Blincoe

Seamless AI presents output as a finished, polished product that users consume rather than shape. This risks design fixation: users anchor on AI suggestions rather than generating their own ideas. We propose Generative Friction, which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 A. Baki Kocaballi , Joseph Kizana , Sharon Stein , Simon Buckingham Shum

Generative AI techniques like those that synthesize images from text (text-to-image models) offer new possibilities for creatively imagining new ideas. We investigate the capabilities of these models to help communities engage in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziv Epstein , Hope Schroeder , Dava Newman

Diversity in image generation is essential to ensure fair representations and support creativity in ideation. Hence, many text-to-image models have implemented diversification mechanisms. Yet, after a few iterations of generation, a lack of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-25 M. Michelessa , J. Ng , C. Hurter , B. Y. Lim

While the term `art' defies any concrete definition, this paper aims to examine how digital images produced by generative AI systems, such as Midjourney, have come to be so regularly referred to as such. The discourse around the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Amy Smith , Michael Cook

Artificial creativity is presented as a counter to Benjamin's conception of an "aura" in art. Where Benjamin sees authenticity as art's critical element, generative artificial intelligence operates as pure inauthenticity. Two elements of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-19 James Brusseau , Luca Turchet