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Guiding users through complex procedural plans is an inherently multimodal task in which having visually illustrated plan steps is crucial to deliver an effective plan guidance. However, existing works on plan-following language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Diogo Glória-Silva , David Semedo , João Magalhães

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) have recently exhibited remarkable capabilities in general video understanding. However, they mainly focus on holistic comprehension and struggle with capturing fine-grained spatial and temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yuqian Yuan , Hang Zhang , Wentong Li , Zesen Cheng , Boqiang Zhang , Long Li , Xin Li , Deli Zhao , Wenqiao Zhang , Yueting Zhuang , Jianke Zhu , Lidong Bing

Time series forecasting holds significant importance in many real-world dynamic systems and has been extensively studied. Unlike natural language process (NLP) and computer vision (CV), where a single large model can tackle multiple tasks,…

In recent years, the introduction of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into video understanding tasks has become increasingly prevalent. However, how to effectively integrate temporal information remains a critical research focus.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiaoyi Bao , Chenwei Xie , Hao Tang , Tingyu Weng , Xiaofeng Wang , Yun Zheng , Xingang Wang

Enhancing the temporal understanding of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is essential for advancing long-form video analysis, enabling tasks such as temporal localization, action detection, and time-sensitive question answering.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tao Wu , Li Yang , Gen Zhan , Yabin Zhang , Yiting Liao , Junlin Li , Deliang Fu , Li Zhang , Limin Wang

Representing continuous time is a critical and under-explored challenge in modeling temporal event sequences with large language models (LLMs). Various strategies like byte-level representations or calendar tokens have been proposed.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zefang Liu , Nam H. Nguyen , Yinzhu Quan , Shi-Xiong Zhang

Do we still need to represent objects explicitly in multimodal large language models (MLLMs)? To one extreme, pre-trained encoders convert images into visual tokens, with which objects and spatiotemporal relationships may be implicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zitian Tang , Shijie Wang , Junho Cho , Jaewook Yoo , Chen Sun

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced video understanding, they remain highly prone to hallucinations in dynamic scenes. We argue this stems from a failure in spatio-temporal monitoring, the ability to persistently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tri Cao , Khoi Le , Thong Nguyen , Cong-Duy Nguyen , Quynh Vo , Anh Tuan Luu , Chunyan Miao , See-Kiong Ng , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi

Time series data is fundamental to decision-making across many domains including healthcare, finance, power systems, and logistics. However, analyzing this data correctly often requires incorporating unstructured contextual information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Felix Parker , Nimeesha Chan , Chi Zhang , Kimia Ghobadi

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are typically trained in multiple stages, with video-based supervised fine-tuning (Video-SFT) serving as a key step for improving visual understanding. Yet its effect on the fine-grained evolution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Linghao Zhang , Jungang Li , Yonghua Hei , Sicheng Tao , Song Dai , Yibo Yan , Zihao Dongfang , Weiting Liu , Chenxi Qin , Hanqian Li , Xin Zou , Jiahao Zhang , Shuhang Xun , Haiyun Jiang , Xuming Hu

Current vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse video understanding applications. Designing VLMs for video inputs requires effectively modeling the temporal dimension (i.e. capturing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Lingyu Kong , Hongzhi Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Jianzhao Huang , Kunze Li , Qi Wang , Fuzheng Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) equip pre-trained large-language models (LLMs) with visual capabilities. While textual prompting in LLMs has been widely studied, visual prompting has emerged for more fine-grained and free-form…

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into many technological ecosystems across various domains and industries, identifying which model is deployed or being interacted with is critical for the security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Saeif Alhazbi , Ahmed Mohamed Hussain , Gabriele Oligeri , Panos Papadimitratos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various NLP tasks, yet they still face significant challenges in reasoning and arithmetic. Temporal reasoning, a critical component of natural language understanding, has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Duygu Sezen Islakoglu , Jan-Christoph Kalo

Accurate analysis of industrial time-series big data is critical for the Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) of industrial equipment. While recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in time-series analysis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haiteng Wang , Yikang Li , Yunfei Zhu , Jingheng Yan , Lei Ren , Laurence T. Yang

Video Large Language Models (Vid-LLMs) have made remarkable advancements in comprehending video content for QA dialogue. However, they struggle to extend this visual understanding to tasks requiring precise temporal localization, known as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yongliang Wu , Xinting Hu , Yuyang Sun , Yizhou Zhou , Wenbo Zhu , Fengyun Rao , Bernt Schiele , Xu Yang

We address the challenging task of cross-modal moment retrieval, which aims to localize a temporal segment from an untrimmed video described by a natural language query. It poses great challenges over the proper semantic alignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Kun Liu , Huadong Ma , Chuang Gan

Surgical video understanding is crucial for facilitating Computer-Assisted Surgery (CAS) systems. Despite significant progress in existing studies, two major limitations persist, including inadequate visual content perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhen Chen , Xingjian Luo , Kun Yuan , Jinlin Wu , Danny T. M. Chan , Nassir Navab , Hongbin Liu , Zhen Lei , Jiebo Luo

Recent advances in large generative models have greatly enhanced both image editing and in-context image generation, yet a critical gap remains in ensuring physical consistency, where edited objects must remain coherent. This capability is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jay Zhangjie Wu , Xuanchi Ren , Tianchang Shen , Tianshi Cao , Kai He , Yifan Lu , Ruiyuan Gao , Enze Xie , Shiyi Lan , Jose M. Alvarez , Jun Gao , Sanja Fidler , Zian Wang , Huan Ling