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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an essential approach to robustifying deep learning models, enabling them to identify inputs that fall outside of their trained distribution. Existing OOD detection methods usually depend on crafted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Yifan Wu , Xichen Ye , Songmin Dai , Dengye Pan , Xiaoqiang Li , Weizhong Zhang , Yifan Chen

Determining whether inputs are out-of-distribution (OOD) is an essential building block for safely deploying machine learning models in the open world. However, previous methods relying on the softmax confidence score suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Weitang Liu , Xiaoyun Wang , John D. Owens , Yixuan Li

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical requirement for the deployment of deep neural networks. This paper introduces the HEAT model, a new post-hoc OOD detection method estimating the density of in-distribution (ID) samples using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Marc Lafon , Elias Ramzi , Clément Rambour , Nicolas Thome

In this work, we study the out-of-distribution (OOD) detection problem through the use of the feature space of a pre-trained deep classifier. We show that learning the density of in-distribution (ID) features with an energy-based models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Marc Lafon , Clément Rambour , Nicolas Thome

Multi-label Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection aims to discriminate the OOD samples from the multi-label In-Distribution (ID) ones. Compared with its multiclass counterpart, it is crucial to model the joint information among classes. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yuchen Sun , Qianqian Xu , Zitai Wang , Zhiyong Yang , Junwei He

Several density estimation methods have shown to fail to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) samples by assigning higher likelihoods to anomalous data. Energy-based models (EBMs) are flexible, unnormalized density models which seem to be able…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Sven Elflein , Bertrand Charpentier , Daniel Zügner , Stephan Günnemann

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in multimodal contexts is essential for identifying deviations in combined inputs from different modalities, particularly in applications like open-domain dialogue systems or real-life dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Rena Gao , Xuetong Wu , Siwen Luo , Caren Han , Feng Liu

Text-attributed graphs, where nodes are enriched with textual attributes, have become a powerful tool for modeling real-world networks such as citation, social, and transaction networks. However, existing methods for learning from these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiaoxu Ma , Dong Li , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Chen Zhao

In today's interconnected world, achieving reliable out-of-distribution (OOD) detection poses a significant challenge for machine learning models. While numerous studies have introduced improved approaches for multi-class OOD detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yihan Mei , Xinyu Wang , Dell Zhang , Xiaoling Wang

In programming, learning code representations has a variety of applications, including code classification, code search, comment generation, bug prediction, and so on. Various representations of code in terms of tokens, syntax trees,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Nghi D. Q. Bui , Yijun Yu

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is essential for neural networks operating in open-world settings, particularly in safety-critical applications. Existing methods have improved OOD detection by leveraging two main techniques:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Lucas Rakotoarivony

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to prevent anomalous inputs from causing a model to fail during deployment. While improved OOD detection methods have emerged, they often rely on the final layer outputs and require a full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Ziqian Lin , Sreya Dutta Roy , Yixuan Li

Detecting Out-of-Domain (OOD) or unknown intents from user queries is essential in a task-oriented dialog system. Traditional softmax-based confidence scores are susceptible to the overconfidence issue. In this paper, we propose a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yanan Wu , Zhiyuan Zeng , Keqing He , Yutao Mou , Pei Wang , Yuanmeng Yan , Weiran Xu

Detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) samples in real world visual applications like classification or object detection has become a necessary precondition in today's deployment of Deep Learning systems. Many techniques have been proposed, of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Abhishek Joshi , Sathish Chalasani , Kiran Nanjunda Iyer

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is an essential requirement for the deployment of machine learning systems in the real world. Until now, research on energy-based OOD detectors has focused on the softmax confidence score from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Francesco Tonin , Arun Pandey , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has seen significant advancements with zero-shot approaches by leveraging the powerful Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP. However, prior research works have predominantly focused on enhancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Pei-Kang Lee , Jun-Cheng Chen , Ja-Ling Wu

As deep learning methods form a critical part in commercially important applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnostics, it is important to reliably detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs while employing these algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Apoorv Vyas , Nataraj Jammalamadaka , Xia Zhu , Dipankar Das , Bharat Kaul , Theodore L. Willke

Estimating out-of-distribution (OOD) uncertainty is a central challenge for safely deploying machine learning models in the open-world environment. Improved methods for OOD detection in multi-class classification have emerged, while OOD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Haoran Wang , Weitang Liu , Alex Bocchieri , Yixuan Li

Dialect classification is used in a variety of applications, such as machine translation and speech recognition, to improve the overall performance of the system. In a real-world scenario, a deployed dialect classification model can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Sourya Dipta Das , Yash Vadi , Abhishek Unnam , Kuldeep Yadav

Recognizing out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is critical for machine learning systems deployed in the open world. The vast majority of OOD detection methods are driven by a single modality (e.g., either vision or language), leaving the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Yifei Ming , Ziyang Cai , Jiuxiang Gu , Yiyou Sun , Wei Li , Yixuan Li
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