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Taxonomies have been widely used in various machine learning and text mining systems to organize knowledge and facilitate downstream tasks. One critical challenge is that, as data and business scope grow in real applications, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Xiangchen Song , Jiaming Shen , Jieyu Zhang , Jiawei Han

Neural models for the various flavours of morphological inflection tasks have proven to be extremely accurate given ample labeled data -- data that may be slow and costly to obtain. In this work we aim to overcome this annotation bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Omer Goldman , Reut Tsarfaty

Inspired by the human ability to learn and organize knowledge into hierarchical taxonomies with prototypes, this paper addresses key limitations in current deep hierarchical clustering methods. Existing methods often tie the structure to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zekun Wang , Ethan Haarer , Tianyi Zhu , Zhiyi Dai , Christopher J. MacLellan

Prompting, which casts downstream applications as language modeling tasks, has shown to be sample efficient compared to standard fine-tuning with pre-trained models. However, one pitfall of prompting is the need of manually-designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Zichun Yu , Tianyu Gao , Zhengyan Zhang , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Jie Zhou

The next-token prediction (NTP) objective has been foundational in the development of modern large language models (LLMs), driving advances in fluency and generalization. However, NTP operates at the \textit{token} level, treating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Laya Iyer , Pranav Somani , Alice Guo , Dan Jurafsky , Chen Shani

We introduce the use of Poincar\'e embeddings to improve existing state-of-the-art approaches to domain-specific taxonomy induction from text as a signal for both relocating wrong hyponym terms within a (pre-induced) taxonomy as well as for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Rami Aly , Shantanu Acharya , Alexander Ossa , Arne Köhn , Chris Biemann , Alexander Panchenko

In this paper, we propose a hybrid technique for semantic question matching. It uses our proposed two-layered taxonomy for English questions by augmenting state-of-the-art deep learning models with question classes obtained from a deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Deepak Gupta , Rajkumar Pujari , Asif Ekbal , Pushpak Bhattacharyya , Anutosh Maitra , Tom Jain , Shubhashis Sengupta

Sentence embedding tasks are important in natural language processing (NLP), but improving their performance while keeping them reliable is still hard. This paper presents a framework that combines pseudo-label generation and model ensemble…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ziwei Liu , Qi Zhang , Lifu Gao

We propose methods that enable efficient hierarchical classification in parallel. Our methods transform a batch of classification scores and labels, corresponding to given nodes in a semantic tree, to scores and labels corresponding to all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Franz A. Heinsen

This paper presents LITE, an LLM-based evaluation method designed for efficient and flexible assessment of taxonomy quality. To address challenges in large-scale taxonomy evaluation, such as efficiency, fairness, and consistency, LITE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Lin Zhang , Zhouhong Gu , Suhang Zheng , Tao Wang , Tianyu Li , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

Having a unified, coherent taxonomy is essential for effective knowledge representation in domain-specific applications as diverse terminologies need to be mapped to underlying concepts. Traditional manual approaches to taxonomy alignment…

Standard classification models often map inputs directly to labels without explicit reasoning, potentially limiting their performance, robustness, and interpretability. This paper introduces a novel two-stage approach to enhance text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mads Henrichsen , Rasmus Krebs

The study of taxonomies and hypernymy relations has been extensive on the Natural Language Processing (NLP) literature. However, the evaluation of taxonomy learning approaches has been traditionally troublesome, as it mainly relies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Jose Camacho-Collados

Business process modelers need to have expertise and knowledge of the domain that may not always be available to them. Therefore, they may benefit from tools that mine collections of existing processes and recommend element(s) to be added…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Maayan Goldstein , Cecilia Gonzalez-Alvarez

Scientific literature is expanding at an unprecedented pace, making it increasingly challenging to efficiently organize and access domain knowledge. A high-quality scientific taxonomy offers a structured and hierarchical representation of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shiqiang Cai , Nianhong Niu , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Taxonomies are an essential knowledge representation, yet most studies on automatic taxonomy construction (ATC) resort to manual evaluation to score proposed algorithms. We argue that automatic taxonomy evaluation (ATE) is just as important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Tianjian Gao , Phillipe Langlais

Machine learning practitioners often have access to a spectrum of data: labeled data for the target task (which is often limited), unlabeled data, and auxiliary data, the many available labeled datasets for other tasks. We describe TAGLETS,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Wasu Piriyakulkij , Cristina Menghini , Ross Briden , Nihal V. Nayak , Jeffrey Zhu , Elaheh Raisi , Stephen H. Bach

Online educational platforms organize academic questions based on a hierarchical learning taxonomy (subject-chapter-topic). Automatically tagging new questions with existing taxonomy will help organize these questions into different classes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Venktesh V , Mukesh Mohania , Vikram Goyal

We present a system for bottom-up cumulative learning of myriad concepts corresponding to meaningful character strings, and their part-related and prediction edges. The learning is self-supervised in that the concepts discovered are used as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Omid Madani

The rapid growth of scientific literature demands efficient methods to organize and synthesize research findings. Existing taxonomy construction methods, leveraging unsupervised clustering or direct prompting of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Kun Zhu , Lizi Liao , Yuxuan Gu , Lei Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Bing Qin