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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative learning across distributed clients while preserving data privacy. However, FL faces significant challenges when dealing with heterogeneous data distributions, which can lead to suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Duy Phuong Nguyen , J. Pablo Munoz , Tanya Roosta , Ali Jannesari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable in numerous real-world applications. However, fine-tuning these models at scale, especially in federated settings where data privacy and communication efficiency are critical, presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yao Shu , Wenyang Hu , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Fei Richard Yu

Collaboratively fine-tuning (FT) large language models (LLMs) over heterogeneous mobile devices fosters immense potential applications of personalized intelligence. However, such a vision faces critical system challenges. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xingke Yang , Liang Li , Sicong Li , Liwei Guan , Hao Wang , Xiaoqi Qi , Jiang Liu , Xin Fu , Miao Pan

Federated Learning (FL) enables the utilization of vast, previously inaccessible data sources. At the same time, pre-trained Language Models (LMs) have taken the world by storm and for good reason. They exhibit remarkable emergent abilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Michael Theologitis , Vasilis Samoladas , Antonios Deligiannakis

Federated efficient fine-tuning has emerged as an approach that leverages distributed data and computational resources across nodes to address the challenges of large-scale fine-tuning and privacy preservation. The Low-Rank Adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jianzhe Zhao , Hailin Zhu , Yu Zhang , Ziqi Chen , Guibing Guo

To address data locality and privacy restrictions, Federated Learning (FL) has recently been adopted to fine-tune large language models (LLMs), enabling improved performance on various downstream tasks without requiring aggregated data.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Han Liu , Ruoyao Wen , Srijith Nair , Jia Liu , Wenjing Lou , Chongjie Zhang , William Yeoh , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Ning Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have driven profound transformations in wireless networks. However, within wireless environments, the training of LLMs faces significant challenges related to security and privacy. Federated Learning (FL), with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Feibo Jiang , Li Dong , Siwei Tu , Yubo Peng , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Dusit Niyato

With increasing privacy concerns on data, recent studies have made significant progress using federated learning (FL) on privacy-sensitive natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Much literature suggests fully fine-tuning pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhuo Zhang , Yuanhang Yang , Yong Dai , Lizhen Qu , Zenglin Xu

Adapting foundation models for medical image analysis requires finetuning them on a considerable amount of data because of extreme distribution shifts between natural (source) data used for pretraining and medical (target) data. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Mothilal Asokan , Joseph Geo Benjamin , Mohammad Yaqub , Karthik Nandakumar

Federated learning (FL) addresses privacy concerns in training language models by enabling multiple clients to contribute to the training, without sending their data to others. However, non-IID (identically and independently distributed)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jong-Ik Park , Carlee Joe-Wong

Federated learning (FL) has enabled the training of multilingual large language models (LLMs) on diverse and decentralized multilingual data, especially on low-resource languages. To improve client-specific performance, personalization via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Royson Lee , Minyoung Kim , Fady Rezk , Rui Li , Stylianos I. Venieris , Timothy Hospedales

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become ubiquitous for efficiently fine-tuning foundation models. However, federated fine-tuning using LoRA is challenging due to suboptimal updates arising from traditional federated averaging of individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raghav Singhal , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Rohit Vartak , Lav R. Varshney , Praneeth Vepakomma

Federated fine-tuning enables privacy-preserving Large Language Model (LLM) adaptation, but its high memory cost limits participation from resource-constrained devices. We propose FedPruner, an innovative federated fine-tuning paradigm that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yebo Wu , Jingguang Li , Chunlin Tian , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Federated Learning (FL) is a way for machines to learn from data that is kept locally, in order to protect the privacy of clients. This is typically done using local SGD, which helps to improve communication efficiency. However, such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yongxin Guo , Xiaoying Tang , Tao Lin

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) through Transformer structures have dominated many machine learning tasks, especially text processing. However, these models require massive amounts of data for training and induce high resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Kilian Pfeiffer , Mohamed Aboelenien Ahmed , Ramin Khalili , Jörg Henkel

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates decentralized model training while preserving data privacy. However, achieving both robust generalization and effective personalization simultaneously in heterogeneous (non-IID) environments remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Eun Gyung Kong , Je Won Yeom , Yonghoon Jeon , Taesup Kim

Federated Learning (FL) of Large Language Models (LLMs) in multilingual environments presents significant challenges stemming from heterogeneous language distributions across clients and disparities in language resource availability. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Aleix Sant , Jordi Luque , Carlos Escolano

Personalized Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging research field in FL that learns an easily adaptable global model in the presence of data heterogeneity among clients. However, one of the main challenges for personalized FL is the heavy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Jaehun Song , Min-hwan Oh , Hyung-Sin Kim

In this paper, we introduce a method for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), inspired by Multi-Task learning in a federated manner. Our approach leverages the structure of each client's model and enables a learning scheme that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ahmed Elbakary , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Tamer ElBatt , Karim Seddik , Mehdi Bennis

Federated Learning (FL) with pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for various downstream tasks. By leveraging its strong representations, recent studies improve task adaptation under insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Xiaohua Xu