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Despite the dramatic progress in Large Language Model (LLM) development, LLMs often provide seemingly plausible but not factual information, often referred to as hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented LLMs provide a non-parametric approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Sai Munikoti , Anurag Acharya , Sridevi Wagle , Sameera Horawalavithana

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) compress knowledge from their training data through next-token conditional distributions. This limits tractable querying of this knowledge to start-to-end autoregressive sampling. However, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Edward J. Hu , Moksh Jain , Eric Elmoznino , Younesse Kaddar , Guillaume Lajoie , Yoshua Bengio , Nikolay Malkin

Data augmentation is an essential technique in natural language processing (NLP) for enriching training datasets by generating diverse samples. This process is crucial for improving the robustness and generalization capabilities of NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zaitian Wang , Jinghan Zhang , Xinhao Zhang , Kunpeng Liu , Pengfei Wang , Yuanchun Zhou

This study investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) leverage source and reference data in machine translation evaluation task, aiming to better understand the mechanisms behind their remarkable performance in this task. We design the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Xu Huang , Zhirui Zhang , Xiang Geng , Yichao Du , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have opened up greater opportunities to enable fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) to behave as more powerful interactive agents through improved instruction-following ability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jerry Huang , Peng Lu , Qiuhao Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently revolutionized the NLP field, while they still fall short in some specific down-stream tasks. In the work, we focus on utilizing LLMs to perform machine translation, where we observe that two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Weichuan Wang , Zhaoyi Li , Defu Lian , Chen Ma , Linqi Song , Ying Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) are central to a multitude of applications but struggle with significant risks, notably in generating harmful content and biases. Drawing an analogy to the human psyche's conflict between evolutionary survival…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Zi Yin , Wei Ding , Jia Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used for problem-solving tasks. Most recent work improves their performance through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) with labeled data or reinforcement learning (RL) from task feedback. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Yucheng Chu , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

Despite the widespread multilingual deployment of large language models, post-training pipelines remain predominantly English-centric, contributing to performance disparities across languages. We present a systematic, controlled study of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Mehak Dhaliwal , Shashwat Chaurasia , Yao Qin , Dezhi Hong , Thomas Butler

We introduce a novel analysis that leverages linguistic minimal pairs to probe the internal linguistic representations of Large Language Models (LLMs). By measuring the similarity between LLM activation differences across minimal pairs, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xinyu Zhou , Delong Chen , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Xufeng Duan , Zhenguang G. Cai

With the capabilities of understanding and executing natural language instructions, Large language models (LLMs) can potentially act as a powerful tool for textual data augmentation. However, the quality of augmented data depends heavily on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yichuan Li , Kaize Ding , Jianling Wang , Kyumin Lee

Synthetic data augmentation via large language models (LLMs) allows researchers to leverage additional training data, thus enhancing the performance of downstream tasks, especially when real-world data is scarce. However, the generated data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hsun-Yu Kuo , Yin-Hsiang Liao , Yu-Chieh Chao , Wei-Yun Ma , Pu-Jen Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly costly to deploy, motivating extensive research on model pruning. However, most existing studies focus on instruction-following LLMs, leaving it unclear whether established pruning strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Longwei Ding , Anhao Zhao , Fanghua Ye , Ziyang Chen , Xiaoyu Shen

Multilingual reasoning remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), with performance disproportionately favoring high-resource languages. Drawing inspiration from cognitive neuroscience, which suggests that human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Jiahe Guo , Yang Deng , Tongtong Wu , Wenxuan Zhang , Yulin Hu , Xingyu Sui , Yanyan Zhao , Wanxiang Che , Bing Qin , Tat-Seng Chua , Ting Liu

Inspired by the exceptional general intelligence of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have begun to explore their application in pioneering the next generation of recommender systems - systems that are conversational, explainable,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Wensheng Lu , Jianxun Lian , Wei Zhang , Guanghua Li , Mingyang Zhou , Hao Liao , Xing Xie

Large language models (LLMs) still struggle across tasks outside of high-resource languages. In this work, we investigate cross-lingual transfer to lower-resource languages where task-specific post-training data is scarce. Building on prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Lucas Bandarkar , Nanyun Peng

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains. However, effectively leveraging their vast knowledge for training smaller downstream models remains an open challenge, especially in domains like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Davor Vukadin , Marin Šilić , Goran Delač

As large language models (LLMs) integrate into collaborative teams, their social conformity -- the tendency to align with majority opinions -- has emerged as a key concern. In humans, conformity arises from informational influence (rational…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Huixin Zhong , Yanan Liu , Qi Cao , Shijin Wang , Zijing Ye , Zimu Wang , Shiyao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed via public-facing interfaces to interact with millions of users, each with diverse preferences. Despite this, preference tuning of LLMs predominantly relies on reward models trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Vishakh Padmakumar , Chuanyang Jin , Hannah Rose Kirk , He He
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