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The search for primordial gravitational waves in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) will soon be limited by our ability to remove the lensing contamination to $B$-mode polarization. The often-used quadratic estimator for lensing is known…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 Marius Millea , Ethan Anderes , Benjamin D. Wandelt

As Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements are becoming more ambitious, the issue of foreground contamination is becoming more pressing. This is especially true at the level of sensitivity, angular resolution and for the sky coverage…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 François R. Bouchet , Richard Gispert

Reconstructed maps of the lensing convergence of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) will play a major role in precision cosmology in coming years. CMB lensing maps will enable calibration of the masses of high-redshift galaxy clusters…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-01 Mathew S. Madhavacheril , J. Colin Hill

We present a study of unbiased reconstruction of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization maps from data collected by modern ground-based observatories. Atmospheric emission is a major source of correlated noise in such experiments,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-08 Simon Biquard , Josquin Errard , Radek Stompor

Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode polarisation provide a unique probe of inflationary physics. Extracting a reliable constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ nonetheless demands stringent suppression of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Aliza Mustafa , Alessandro Carones , Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff , Marina Migliaccio , Carlo Baccigalupi

Over the past decade, the gravitational lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) has become a powerful tool for probing the matter distribution in the Universe. The standard technique used to reconstruct the CMB lensing signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-02 Boryana Hadzhiyska , Blake D. Sherwin , Mathew Madhavacheril , Simone Ferraro

Detecting primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provides a direct probe of inflationary gravitational waves. However, the signal is extremely faint and contaminated by gravitational lensing, instrumental…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-30 Anumanchi Agastya Sai Ram Likhit , Rajib Saha

Extragalactic foregrounds are known to generate significant biases in temperature-based CMB lensing reconstruction. Several techniques, which include ``source hardening'' and ``shear-only estimators'' have been proposed to mitigate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-24 Noah Sailer , Simone Ferraro , Emmanuel Schaan

Component separation is the process of extracting one or more emission sources in astrophysical maps. It is therefore crucial to develop models that can accurately clean the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in current and future…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 J. M. Casas , L. Bonavera , J. González-Nuevo , G. Puglisi , C. Baccigalupi

We demonstrate that, for the baseline design of the CORE satellite mission, the polarized foregrounds can be controlled at the level required to allow the detection of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 M. Remazeilles , A. J. Banday , C. Baccigalupi , S. Basak , A. Bonaldi , G. De Zotti , J. Delabrouille , C. Dickinson , H. K. Eriksen , J. Errard , R. Fernandez-Cobos , U. Fuskeland , C. Hervías-Caimapo , M. López-Caniego , E. Martinez-González , M. Roman , P. Vielva , I. Wehus , A. Achucarro , P. Ade , R. Allison , M. Ashdown , M. Ballardini , R. Banerji , N. Bartolo , J. Bartlett , D. Baumann , M. Bersanelli , M. Bonato , J. Borrill , F. Bouchet , F. Boulanger , T. Brinckmann , M. Bucher , C. Burigana , A. Buzzelli , Z. -Y. Cai , M. Calvo , C. -S. Carvalho , G. Castellano , A. Challinor , J. Chluba , S. Clesse , I. Colantoni , A. Coppolecchia , M. Crook , G. D'Alessandro , P. de Bernardis , G. de Gasperis , J. -M. Diego , E. Di Valentino , S. Feeney , S. Ferraro , F. Finelli , F. Forastieri , S. Galli , R. Genova-Santos , M. Gerbino , J. González-Nuevo , S. Grandis , J. Greenslade , S. Hagstotz , S. Hanany , W. Handley , C. Hernandez-Monteagudo , M. Hills , E. Hivon , K. Kiiveri , T. Kisner , T. Kitching , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , L. Lamagna , A. Lasenby , M. Lattanzi , J. Lesgourgues , A. Lewis , M. Liguori , V. Lindholm , G. Luzzi , B. Maffei , C. J. A. P. Martins , S. Masi , D. McCarthy , J. -B. Melin , A. Melchiorri , D. Molinari , A. Monfardini , P. Natoli , M. Negrello , A. Notari , A. Paiella , D. Paoletti , G. Patanchon , M. Piat , G. Pisano , L. Polastri , G. Polenta , A. Pollo , V. Poulin , M. Quartin , J. -A. Rubino-Martin , L. Salvati , A. Tartari , M. Tomasi , D. Tramonte , N. Trappe , T. Trombetti , C. Tucker , J. Valiviita , R. Van de Weijgaert , B. van Tent , V. Vennin , N. Vittorio , K. Young , M. Zannoni

We investigate the detectability of the primordial CMB polarization B-mode power spectrum on large scales in the presence of instrumental noise and realistic foreground contamination. We have worked out a method to estimate the errors on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Bonaldi , S. Ricciardi

Foreground masking and incomplete sky coverage complicate CMB polarization analyses by inducing mode coupling and imperfect E/B separation, with particularly strong impact on searches for primordial $B$-modes. We present SkyReconNet-P, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-17 Reyhan D. Lambaga , Vipin Sudevan , Pisin Chen

As confusion with lensing B-modes begins to limit experiments that search for primordial B-mode polarization, robust methods for delensing the CMB polarization sky are becoming increasingly important. We investigate in detail the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 Blake D. Sherwin , Marcel Schmittfull

One of the main problems for extracting the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from submm/mm observations is to correct for the Galactic components, mainly synchrotron, free - free and thermal dust emission with the required accuracy.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen

We introduce a comprehensive, custom-developed neural network, the PUREPath-B, that yields a posterior predictive distribution of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode signal conditioned on the foreground contaminated CMB data and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-27 Vipin Sudevan , Pisin Chen

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing power spectrum is a powerful probe of the late-time universe, encoding valuable information about cosmological parameters such as the sum of neutrino masses and dark energy equation of state.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-11 Hongbo Cai , Yilun Guan , Toshiya Namikawa , Arthur Kosowsky

We investigate the extent to which foreground cleaned CMB maps can be used to estimate the cosmological parameters at small scales. We use the SMICA method, a blind separation technique which works directly at the spectral level. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 C. Umiltà , J. F. Cardoso , K. Benabed , M. Le Jeune

The detection of primordial polarization $B$ modes of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) requires exquisite control of Galactic foreground contamination. The Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC) method has proven effective in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Alessandro Carones

The measurement and characterization of the lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is key goal of the current and next generation of CMB experiments. We perform a case study of a three-channel balloon-borne CMB experiment…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-18 Yabebal Fantaye , Carlo Baccigalupi , Samuel Leach , Amit P. S. Yadav

We present a new approach to component separation in multifrequency CMB experiments by formulating the problem as that of partitioning the sky into pixel clusters such that within each pixel cluster the foregrounds have similar spectrum,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-18 Rishi Khatri