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Related papers: End-to-End Autonomous Driving without Costly Modul…

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End-to-end autonomous driving systems built on Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown significant promise, yet their reliance on autoregressive architectures introduces some limitations for real-world applications. The sequential,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Can Cui , Yupeng Zhou , Juntong Peng , Sung-Yeon Park , Zichong Yang , Prashanth Sankaranarayanan , Jiaru Zhang , Ruqi Zhang , Ziran Wang

Unlike popular modularized framework, end-to-end autonomous driving seeks to solve the perception, decision and control problems in an integrated way, which can be more adapting to new scenarios and easier to generalize at scale. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Jianyu Chen , Shengbo Eben Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka

In recent years, considerable progress has been made towards a vehicle's ability to operate autonomously. An end-to-end approach attempts to achieve autonomous driving using a single, comprehensive software component. Recent breakthroughs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Hege Haavaldsen , Max Aasboe , Frank Lindseth

Recent advancements in open-source Visual Language Models (VLMs) such as LLaVA, Qwen-VL, and Llama have catalyzed extensive research on their integration with diverse systems. The internet-scale general knowledge encapsulated within these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Cristian Gariboldi , Hayato Tokida , Ken Kinjo , Yuki Asada , Alexander Carballo

End-to-end autonomous driving resides not in the integration of perception and planning, but rather in the dynamic multi-agent game within a unified representation space. Most existing end-to-end models treat all agents equally, hindering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kang Ding , Hongsong Wang , Jie Gui , Lei He

The well-established modular autonomous driving system is decoupled into different standalone tasks, e.g. perception, prediction and planning, suffering from information loss and error accumulation across modules. In contrast, end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Wenchao Sun , Xuewu Lin , Yining Shi , Chuang Zhang , Haoran Wu , Sifa Zheng

This paper presents a pioneering exploration into the integration of fine-grained human supervision within the autonomous driving domain to enhance system performance. The current advances in End-to-End autonomous driving normally are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yiqun Duan , Zhuoli Zhuang , Jinzhao Zhou , Yu-Cheng Chang , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promising capabilities in scene understanding, enhancing the explainability of driving behaviors and interactivity with users. Existing methods primarily fine-tune VLMs on on-board multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nan Song , Bozhou Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jiankang Deng , Li Zhang

Human drivers adeptly navigate complex scenarios by utilizing rich attentional semantics, but the current autonomous systems struggle to replicate this ability, as they often lose critical semantic information when converting 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pei Liu , Haipeng Liu , Haichao Liu , Xin Liu , Jinxin Ni , Jun Ma

What data or environments to use for training to improve downstream performance is a longstanding and very topical question in reinforcement learning. In particular, Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) methods have gained recent attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Alexander Rutherford , Michael Beukman , Timon Willi , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes , Jakob Foerster

End-to-end autonomous driving methods aim to directly map raw sensor inputs to future driving actions such as planned trajectories, bypassing traditional modular pipelines. While these approaches have shown promise, they often operate under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Bozhou Zhang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Jiankang Deng , Li Zhang

Imitation learning is becoming more and more successful for autonomous driving. End-to-end (raw signal to command) performs well on relatively simple tasks (lane keeping and navigation). Mid-to-mid (environment abstraction to mid-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Thibault Buhet , Emilie Wirbel , Xavier Perrotton

Deploying reinforcement learning policies trained in simulation to real autonomous vehicles remains a fundamental challenge, particularly for VLM-guided RL frameworks whose policies are typically learned with simulator-native observations…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zilin Huang , Zhengyang Wan , Zihao Sheng , Boyue Wang , Junwei You , Yue Leng , Sikai Chen

Deep-learning-based techniques have been widely adopted for autonomous driving software stacks for mass production in recent years, focusing primarily on perception modules, with some work extending this method to prediction modules.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Weijian Sun , Yanbo Jia , Qi Zeng , Zihao Liu , Jiang Liao , Yue Li , Xianfeng Li

The implementation of Autonomous Driving (AD) technologies within urban environments presents significant challenges. These challenges necessitate the development of advanced perception systems and motion planning algorithms capable of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yanliang Huang , Liguo Zhou , Chang Liu , Alois Knoll

The growing complexity and scale of visual model pre-training have made developing and deploying multi-task computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems increasingly challenging and resource-intensive. Furthermore, the medical imaging community…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yitao Zhu , Yuan Yin , Zhenrong Shen , Zihao Zhao , Haiyu Song , Sheng Wang , Dinggang Shen , Qian Wang

As autonomous vehicles edge closer to widespread adoption, enhancing road safety through collision avoidance and minimization of collateral damage becomes imperative. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies, which include…

End-to-end autonomous driving systems have achieved significant progress, yet their adversarial robustness remains largely underexplored. In this work, we conduct a closed-loop evaluation of state-of-the-art autonomous driving agents under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ishan Sahu , Somnath Hazra , Somak Aditya , Soumyajit Dey

End-to-end autonomous driving has received increasing attention due to its potential to learn from large amounts of data. However, most existing methods are still open-loop and suffer from weak scalability, lack of high-order interactions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Wenzhao Zheng , Zetian Xia , Yuanhui Huang , Sicheng Zuo , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Effectively utilizing the vast amounts of ego-centric navigation data that is freely available on the internet can advance generalized intelligent systems, i.e., to robustly scale across perspectives, platforms, environmental conditions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Jimuyang Zhang , Ruizhao Zhu , Eshed Ohn-Bar
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