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In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Combo, for harmonious co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaption. In particular, we identify that one fundamental challenge as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Chao Xu , Mingze Sun , Zhi-Qi Cheng , Fei Wang , Yang Liu , Baigui Sun , Ruqi Huang , Alexander Hauptmann

We introduce Mechanistic Error Reduction with Abstention (MERA), a principled framework for steering language models (LMs) to mitigate errors through selective, adaptive interventions. Unlike existing methods that rely on fixed, manually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Anna Hedström , Salim I. Amoukou , Tom Bewley , Saumitra Mishra , Manuela Veloso

Active learning is able to significantly reduce the annotation cost for data-driven techniques. However, previous active learning approaches for natural language processing mainly depend on the entropy-based uncertainty criterion, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Guirong Bai , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao , Zaiqing Nie

Modern language models (LMs) have significantly advanced generative modeling in natural language processing (NLP). Despite their success, LMs often struggle with adaptation to new contexts in real-time applications. A promising approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hieu Trung Nguyen , Bao Nguyen , Binh Nguyen , Viet Anh Nguyen

This paper proposes an iterative generative model for solving the automatic colorization problem. Although previous researches have shown the capability to generate plausible color, the edge color overflow and the requirement of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Kai Hong , Jin Li , Wanyun Li , Cailian Yang , Minghui Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Qiegen Liu

This paper assesses the potential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as assistive tools in the creative writing process, by means of a single, in-depth case study. In the course of the study, we develop interactive and multi-voice…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Murray Shanahan , Catherine Clarke

Activation steering has emerged as a cost-effective paradigm for modifying large language model (LLM) behaviors. Existing methods typically intervene at the block level, steering the bundled activations of selected attention heads,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zijian Feng , Tianjiao Li , Zixiao Zhu , Hanzhang Zhou , Junlang Qian , Li Zhang , Jia Jim Deryl Chua , Lee Onn Mak , Gee Wah Ng , Kezhi Mao

Although deep learning has achieved appealing results on several machine learning tasks, most of the models are deterministic at inference, limiting their application to single-modal settings. We propose a novel general-purpose framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Sameera Ramasinghe , Kanchana Ranasinghe , Salman Khan , Nick Barnes , Stephen Gould

Language models can be steered by modifying their internal representations to control concepts such as emotion, style, or truthfulness in generation. However, the conditions for an effective intervention remain unclear and are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jianshu She , Xinyue Li , Eric Xing , Zhengzhong Liu , Qirong Ho

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for high-quality image generation and editing, but guiding these models to produce specific outputs remains a challenge. Conventional approaches rely on conditioning mechanisms, such as text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nithesh Chandher Karthikeyan , Jonas Unger , Gabriel Eilertsen

Model steering, which involves intervening on hidden representations at inference time, has emerged as a lightweight alternative to finetuning for precisely controlling large language models. While steering efficacy has been widely studied,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Navita Goyal , Hal Daumé

Model-based reinforcement learning is an appealing framework for creating agents that learn, plan, and act in sequential environments. Model-based algorithms typically involve learning a transition model that takes a state and an action and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Kavosh Asadi , Dipendra Misra , Seungchan Kim , Michel L. Littman

Creating large-scale datasets for training high-performance generative models is often prohibitively expensive, especially when associated attributes or annotations must be provided. As a result, merging existing datasets has become a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-31 Yanfeng Yang , Kenji Fukumizu

Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) has emerged as a vital approach to demystify the opaque decision-making of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing reviews primarily treat MI as an observational science, summarizing analytical…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have resulted in increasingly anthropomorphic language concerning the ability of LLMs to reason. Whether reasoning in LLMs should be understood to be inherently different is, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Bertram Højer , Oliver Jarvis , Stefan Heinrich

Current efficient fine-tuning methods (e.g., adapters, prefix-tuning, etc.) have optimized conditional text generation via training a small set of extra parameters of the neural language model, while freezing the rest for efficiency. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Marjan Ghazvininejad , Vladimir Karpukhin , Vera Gor , Asli Celikyilmaz

This paper presents a guided tour of some specific problems encountered in the stability analysis of linear dynamical systems including delays in their systems' representation. More precisely, we will address the characterization of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Silviu-Iulian Niculescu , Islam Boussaada , Xu-Guang Li , Guilherme Mazanti , César-Fernando Méndez-Barrios

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced dialogue systems and role-playing agents through their ability to generate human-like text. While prior studies have shown that LLMs can exhibit distinct and consistent personalities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shu Yang , Shenzhe Zhu , Liang Liu , Lijie Hu , Mengdi Li , Di Wang

This paper addresses the limitations of a single agent in task decomposition and collaboration during complex task execution, and proposes a multi-agent architecture for modular task decomposition and dynamic collaboration based on large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shuaidong Pan , Di Wu

Guiding unconditional diffusion models typically requires either retraining with conditional inputs or per-step gradient computations (e.g., classifier-based guidance), both of which incur substantial computational overhead. We present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Qingsong Wang , Mikhail Belkin , Yusu Wang
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