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As software becomes more complex and assumes an even greater role in our lives, formal verification is set to become the gold standard in securing software systems into the future, since it can guarantee the absence of errors and entire…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Carolina Carreira , João F. Ferreira , Alexandra Mendes , Nicolas Christin

The increased adoption of smart contracts in many industries has made them an attractive target for cybercriminals, leading to millions of dollars in losses. Thus, deploying smart contracts with detected vulnerabilities (known to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Pengcheng , Peng , Yun , Qingzhao , Tao , Dawn , Prateek , Sanjeev , Zhuotao , Xusheng

A recent case study from AWS by Chong et al. proposes an effective methodology for Bounded Model Checking in industry. In this paper, we report on a follow up case study that explores the methodology from the perspective of three research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Siddharth Priya , Xiang Zhou , Yusen Su , Yakir Vizel , Yuyan Bao , Arie Gurfinkel

We introduce the Clockwork Finance Framework (CFF), a general purpose, formal verification framework for mechanized reasoning about the economic security properties of composed decentralized-finance (DeFi) smart contracts. CFF features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Kushal Babel , Philip Daian , Mahimna Kelkar , Ari Juels

As smart contracts are growing in size and complexity, it becomes harder and harder to ensure their correctness and security. Due to the lack of isolation mechanisms a single mistake or vulnerability in the code can bring the whole system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Mikhail Mandrykin , Jake O'Shannessy , Jacob Payne , Ilya Shchepetkov

The design of Systems on Chips (SoCs) is becoming more and more complex due to technological advancements. Missed bugs can cause drastic failures in safety-critical environments leading to the endangerment of lives. To overcome these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Bryan Olmos , Daniel Gerl , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin

Smart contracts play a vital role in the Ethereum ecosystem. Due to the prevalence of kinds of security issues in smart contracts, the smart contract verification is urgently needed, which is the process of matching a smart contract's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Pengxiang Ma , Ningyu He , Yuhua Huang , Haoyu Wang , Xiapu Luo

Formal verification provides mathematical guarantees that a software is correct. Design-level verification tools ensure software specifications are correct, but they do not expose defects in actual implementations. For this purpose,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Paschal C. Amusuo , Parth V. Patil , Owen Cochell , Taylor Le Lievre , James C. Davis

We present SAFE, an integrated system for managing trust using a logic-based declarative language. Logical trust systems authorize each request by constructing a proof from a context---a set of authenticated logic statements representing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-19 Vamsi Thummala , Jeff Chase

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into safety-critical systems introduces a new reliability paradigm: silent failures, where AI produces confident but incorrect outputs that can be dangerous. This paper introduces the Formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guan-Yan Yang , Farn Wang

This work develops a robust adaptive control strategy for discrete-time systems using Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) to ensure safety under parametric model uncertainty and disturbances. A key contribution of this work is establishing a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Changrui Liu , Anil Alan , Shengling Shi , Bart De Schutter

Federated Learning has rapidly expanded from its original inception to now have a large body of research, several frameworks, and sold in a variety of commercial offerings. Thus, its security and robustness is of significant importance.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Simone Bottoni , Giulio Zizzo , Stefano Braghin , Alberto Trombetta

We present a safety verification framework for design-time and run-time assurance of learning-based components in aviation systems. Our proposed framework integrates two novel methodologies. From the design-time assurance perspective, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-17 Ali Baheri , Hao Ren , Benjamin Johnson , Pouria Razzaghi , Peng Wei

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) facilitate decentralized computations across trust boundaries. However, ensuring complex computations with low gas fees and confidentiality remains challenging. Recent advances in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Fernando Castillo , Jonathan Heiss , Sebastian Werner , Stefan Tai

We present solc-verify, a source-level verification tool for Ethereum smart contracts. Solc-verify takes smart contracts written in Solidity and discharges verification conditions using modular program analysis and SMT solvers. Built on top…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Ákos Hajdu , Dejan Jovanović

How to apply automated verification technology such as model checking and static program analysis to millions of lines of embedded C/C++ code? How to package this technology in a way that it can be used by software developers and engineers,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Ralf Huuck

Blockchains facilitate secure resource transactions through smart contracts, yet these digital agreements are prone to vulnerabilities, particularly when interacting with external contracts, leading to substantial monetary losses.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Haojia Sun , Kunal Singh , Jan-Paul Ramos-Dávila , Jonathan Aldrich , Jenna DiVincenzo

Verification of concurrent systems with thousands of multiple threads and transactions is a challenging problem not just for simulation or emulation but also for formal. To get designs to work correctly and provide optimal PPA the designers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Ashish Darbari , Iain Singleton

Autonomous systems must sustain justified confidence in their correctness and safety across their operational lifecycle-from design and deployment through post-deployment evolution. Traditional assurance methods often separate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Dhaminda B. Abeywickrama , Michael Fisher , Frederic Wheeler , Louise Dennis

Low-end embedded devices are increasingly used in various smart applications and spaces. They are implemented under strict cost and energy budgets, using microcontroller units (MCUs) that lack security features available in general-purpose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Adam Caulfield , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes