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We introduce RE-Adapt, an approach to fine-tuning large language models on new domains without degrading any pre-existing instruction-tuning. We reverse engineer an adapter which isolates what an instruction-tuned model has learned beyond…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 William Fleshman , Benjamin Van Durme

Existing large language models (LLMs) face challenges of following complex instructions, especially when multiple constraints are present and organized in paralleling, chaining, and branching structures. One intuitive solution, namely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yulei Qin , Gang Li , Zongyi Li , Zihan Xu , Yuchen Shi , Zhekai Lin , Xiao Cui , Ke Li , Xing Sun

In this paper, we systematically study the potential of pre-training with Large Language Model(LLM)-based document expansion for dense passage retrieval. Concretely, we leverage the capabilities of LLMs for document expansion, i.e. query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Guangyuan Ma , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Zijia Lin , Songlin Hu

In NLP, fine-tuning LLMs is effective for various applications but requires high-quality annotated data. However, manual annotation of data is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and costly. Therefore, LLMs are increasingly used to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Muhammad Uzair Ul Haq , Davide Rigoni , Alessandro Sperduti

We propose a new method to measure the task-specific accuracy of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RAG). Evaluation is performed by scoring the RAG on an automatically-generated synthetic exam composed of multiple choice questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Gauthier Guinet , Behrooz Omidvar-Tehrani , Anoop Deoras , Laurent Callot

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently emerged as a method to extend beyond the pre-trained knowledge of Large Language Models by augmenting the original prompt with relevant passages or documents retrieved by an Information…

\textbf{Objective:} We aimed to develop an advanced multi-task large language model (LLM) framework to extract multiple types of information about dietary supplements (DS) from clinical records. \textbf{Methods:} We used four core DS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zaifu Zhan , Shuang Zhou , Mingchen Li , Rui Zhang

Reading comprehension is a key for individual success, yet the assessment of question difficulty remains challenging due to the extensive human annotation and large-scale testing required by traditional methods such as linguistic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yoshee Jain , John Hollander , Amber He , Sunny Tang , Liang Zhang , John Sabatini

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility across a wide range of natural language processing tasks and domains. One such task is Named Entity Recognition (NER), which involves identifying and classifying proper…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shibingfeng Zhang , Giovanni Colavizza

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is considered to be a promising approach to alleviate the hallucination issue of large language models (LLMs), and it has received widespread attention from researchers recently. Due to the limitation in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Hengran Zhang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Maarten de Rijke , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) usually fall short on information extraction (IE) tasks and struggle to follow the complex instructions of IE tasks. This primarily arises from LLMs not being aligned with humans, as mainstream alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yunjia Qi , Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Text structuralization is one of the important fields of natural language processing (NLP) consists of information extraction (IE) and structure formalization. However, current studies of text structuralization suffer from a shortage of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Xuanfan Ni , Piji Li , Huayang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to memorize significant portions of their training data. Parts of this memorized content have been shown to be extractable by simply querying the model, which poses a privacy risk. We present a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Mustafa Safa Ozdayi , Charith Peris , Jack FitzGerald , Christophe Dupuy , Jimit Majmudar , Haidar Khan , Rahil Parikh , Rahul Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

We introduce iterative retrieval, a novel framework that empowers retrievers to make iterative decisions through policy optimization. Finding an optimal portfolio of retrieved items is a combinatorial optimization problem, generally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yunmo Chen , Tongfei Chen , Harsh Jhamtani , Patrick Xia , Richard Shin , Jason Eisner , Benjamin Van Durme

Large language models (LLMs) are initially pretrained for broad capabilities and then finetuned with instruction-following datasets to improve their performance in interacting with humans. Despite advances in finetuning, a standardized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yihan Cao , Yanbin Kang , Chi Wang , Lichao Sun

Considering the limited internal parametric knowledge, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been widely used to extend the knowledge scope of large language models (LLMs). Despite the extensive efforts on RAG research, in existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yuhao Wang , Ruiyang Ren , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jing Liu , Ji-Rong Wen

Retrieval-augmented large language models (R-LLMs) combine pre-trained large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to improve the accuracy of factual question-answering. However, current libraries for building R-LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yasuto Hoshi , Daisuke Miyashita , Youyang Ng , Kento Tatsuno , Yasuhiro Morioka , Osamu Torii , Jun Deguchi

Building high-quality datasets and labeling query-document relevance are essential yet resource-intensive tasks, requiring detailed guidelines and substantial effort from human annotators. This paper explores the use of small, fine-tuned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Quentin Fitte-Rey , Matyas Amrouche , Romain Deveaud

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has rapidly increased the need for high-quality, curated information retrieval datasets. These datasets, however, are currently created with off-the-shelf…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Sameh Khattab , Marie Bauer , Lukas Heine , Till Rostalski , Jens Kleesiek , Julian Friedrich