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This paper addresses the problems of missing reasoning chains and insufficient entity-level semantic understanding in large language models when dealing with tasks that require structured knowledge. It proposes a fine-tuning algorithm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Wuyang Zhang , Yexin Tian , Xiandong Meng , Mengjie Wang , Junliang Du

Underlying mechanisms of memorization in LLMs -- the verbatim reproduction of training data -- remain poorly understood. What exact part of the network decides to retrieve a token that we would consider as start of memorization sequence?…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ilya Lasy , Peter Knees , Stefan Woltran

Finding human-understandable circuits in language models is a central goal of the field of mechanistic interpretability. We train models to have more understandable circuits by constraining most of their weights to be zeros, so that each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Leo Gao , Achyuta Rajaram , Jacob Coxon , Soham V. Govande , Bowen Baker , Dan Mossing

Sparse dictionary learning has been a rapidly growing technique in mechanistic interpretability to attack superposition and extract more human-understandable features from model activations. We ask a further question based on the extracted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengfu He , Xuyang Ge , Qiong Tang , Tianxiang Sun , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu

The knowledge-grounded dialogue task aims to generate responses that convey information from given knowledge documents. However, it is a challenge for the current sequence-based model to acquire knowledge from complex documents and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Yizhe Yang , Heyan Huang , Yang Gao , Jiawei Li and

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their remarkable capabilities, are hampered by hallucinations. A particularly challenging variant, knowledge overshadowing, occurs when one piece of activated knowledge inadvertently masks another…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Haoming Huang , Yibo Yan , Jiahao Huo , Xin Zou , Xinfeng Li , Kun Wang , Xuming Hu

Knowledge distillation compresses a larger neural model (teacher) into smaller, faster student models by training them to match teacher outputs. However, the internal computational transformations that occur during this process remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Reilly Haskins , Benjamin Adams

As the world changes, we need to be able to update our models and correct false information without costly retraining. Knowledge-based model editing enables precise modifications to the weights of large language models in order to modify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Elan Markowitz , Anil Ramakrishna , Ninareh Mehrabi , Charith Peris , Rahul Gupta , Kai-Wei Chang , Aram Galstyan

Although it is known that transformer language models (LMs) pass features from early layers to later layers, it is not well understood how this information is represented and routed by the model. We analyze a mechanism used in two LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Jack Merullo , Carsten Eickhoff , Ellie Pavlick

While Knowledge Editing has been extensively studied in monolingual settings, it remains underexplored in multilingual contexts. This survey systematizes recent research on Multilingual Knowledge Editing (MKE), a growing subdomain of model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Nadir Durrani , Basel Mousi , Fahim Dalvi

Circuit discovery aims to explain how language models (LMs) implement a specific task by localizing and interpreting a circuit, a computational subgraph responsible for the LM's behavior. Existing circuit discovery methods are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Daking Rai , Mor Geva , Ziyu Yao

Language models are trained on large volumes of text, and as a result their parameters might contain a significant body of factual knowledge. Any downstream task performed by these models implicitly builds on these facts, and thus it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Roi Cohen , Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant , Amir Globerson

Vision-language models (VLMs) are powerful but remain opaque black boxes. We introduce the first framework for transparent circuit tracing in VLMs to systematically analyze multimodal reasoning. By utilizing transcoders, attribution graphs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jingcheng Yang , Tianhu Xiong , Shengyi Qian , Klara Nahrstedt , Mingyuan Wu

Information flows by routes inside the network via mechanisms implemented in the model. These routes can be represented as graphs where nodes correspond to token representations and edges to operations inside the network. We automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Javier Ferrando , Elena Voita

Current knowledge editing methods for large language models (LLMs) struggle to maintain logical consistency when propagating ripple effects to associated facts. We propose ChainEdit, a framework that synergizes knowledge graph-derived…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zilu Dong , Xiangqing Shen , Zinong Yang , Rui Xia

Knowledge-enhanced text generation aims to enhance the quality of generated text by utilizing internal or external knowledge sources. While language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating coherent and fluent text,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Shuqi Liu , Han Wu , Guanzhi Deng , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoyang Wang , Linqi Song

The storage and recall of factual associations in auto-regressive transformer language models (LMs) have drawn a great deal of attention, inspiring knowledge editing by directly modifying the located model weights. Most editing works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Xiyu Liu , Zhengxiao Liu , Naibin Gu , Zheng Lin , Wanli Ma , Ji Xiang , Weiping Wang

Mechanistic interpretability research seeks to reveal the inner workings of large language models, yet most work focuses on classification or generative tasks rather than summarization. This paper presents an interpretability framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Anurag Mishra

The study of mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse-engineer a model to explain its behaviors. While recent studies have focused on the static mechanism of a certain behavior, the learning dynamics inside a model remain to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yueyan Li , Wenhao Gao , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Grounded language models use external sources of information, such as knowledge graphs, to meet some of the general challenges associated with pre-training. By extending previous work on compositional generalization in semantic parsing, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sondre Wold , Étienne Simon , Lucas Georges Gabriel Charpentier , Egor V. Kostylev , Erik Velldal , Lilja Øvrelid