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Data scarcity and class imbalance are two fundamental challenges in many machine learning applications to healthcare. Breast cancer classification in mammography exemplifies these challenges, with a malignancy rate of around 0.5% in a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-02 Eric Wu , Kevin Wu , William Lotter

In general, to draw robust conclusions from a dataset, all the analyzed population must be represented on said dataset. Having a dataset that does not fulfill this condition normally leads to selection bias. Additionally, graphs have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Axel Wassington , Sergi Abadal

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been used in several machine learning tasks such as domain transfer, super resolution, and synthetic data generation. State-of-the-art GANs often use tens of millions of parameters, making them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Angeline Aguinaldo , Ping-Yeh Chiang , Alex Gain , Ameya Patil , Kolten Pearson , Soheil Feizi

Adequate sampling space coverage is the keystone to effectively train trustworthy Machine Learning models. Unfortunately, real data do carry several inherent risks due to the many potential biases they exhibit when gathered without a proper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Antonio Maratea , Rita Perna

Many approaches have been proposed to use diffusion models to augment training datasets for downstream tasks, such as classification. However, diffusion models are themselves trained on large datasets, often with noisy annotations, and it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Max F. Burg , Florian Wenzel , Dominik Zietlow , Max Horn , Osama Makansi , Francesco Locatello , Chris Russell

Deep learning approaches deliver state-of-the-art performance in recognition of spatiotemporal human motion data. However, one of the main challenges in these recognition tasks is limited available training data. Insufficient training data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Junxiao Shen , John Dudley , Per Ola Kristensson

Accurate and robust medical image classification is a challenging task, especially in application domains where available annotated datasets are small and present high imbalance between target classes. Considering that data acquisition is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Neil De La Fuente , Mireia Majó , Irina Luzko , Henry Córdova , Gloria Fernández-Esparrach , Jorge Bernal

Data quality remains a critical bottleneck in developing capable, competitive models. Researchers have explored many ways to generate top quality samples. Some works rely on rejection sampling: generating lots of synthetic samples and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ishika Agarwal , Sofia Stoica , Emre Can Acikgoz , Pradeep Natarajan , Mahdi Namazifar , Jiaqi Ma , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

We target open-world feature extrapolation problem where the feature space of input data goes through expansion and a model trained on partially observed features needs to handle new features in test data without further retraining. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Qitian Wu , Chenxiao Yang , Junchi Yan

The fact that image datasets are often imbalanced poses an intense challenge for deep learning techniques. In this paper, we propose a method to restore the balance in imbalanced images, by coalescing two concurrent methods, generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Pourya Shamsolmoali , Masoumeh Zareapoor , Linlin Shen , Abdul Hamid Sadka , Jie Yang

Recent work by Brock et al. (2018) suggests that Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) benefit disproportionately from large mini-batch sizes. Unfortunately, using large batches is slow and expensive on conventional hardware. Thus, it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Samarth Sinha , Han Zhang , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Hugo Larochelle , Augustus Odena

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) is inherently linked to the availability of vast, diverse, and high-quality data for training and evaluation. However, the growth rate of high-quality data is significantly outpaced by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ke Wang , Jiahui Zhu , Minjie Ren , Zeming Liu , Shiwei Li , Zongye Zhang , Chenkai Zhang , Xiaoyu Wu , Qiqi Zhan , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

A longstanding problem in machine learning is to find unsupervised methods that can learn the statistical structure of high dimensional signals. In recent years, GANs have gained much attention as a possible solution to the problem, and in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Eitan Richardson , Yair Weiss

Training generative adversarial networks (GAN) using too little data typically leads to discriminator overfitting, causing training to diverge. We propose an adaptive discriminator augmentation mechanism that significantly stabilizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Janne Hellsten , Samuli Laine , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila

In this paper we propose the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to generate artificial training data for machine learning tasks. The generation of artificial training data can be extremely useful in situations such as imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Fabio Henrique Kiyoiti dos Santos Tanaka , Claus Aranha

Despite various breakthroughs in machine learning and data analysis techniques for improving smart operation and management of urban water infrastructures, some key limitations obstruct this progress. Among these shortcomings, the absence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Amin E. Bakhshipour , Alireza Koochali , Ulrich Dittmer , Ali Haghighi , Sheraz Ahmad , Andreas Dengel

Graph generation is an important area in network science. Traditional approaches focus on replicating specific properties of real-world graphs, such as small diameters or power-law degree distributions. Recent advancements in deep learning,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Rodrigo Tuna , Carlos Soares

The use of synthetic data in machine learning applications and research offers many benefits, including performance improvements through data augmentation, privacy preservation of original samples, and reliable method assessment with fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Joanna Komorniczak

High-quality power flow datasets are essential for training machine learning models in power systems. However, security and privacy concerns restrict access to real-world data, making statistically accurate and physically consistent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Milad Hoseinpour , Vladimir Dvorkin

The difficulty in obtaining labeled data relevant to a given task is among the most common and well-known practical obstacles to applying deep learning techniques to new or even slightly modified domains. The data volumes required by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Jonathan Howe , Kyle Pula , Aaron A. Reite