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Interferometry with quantum light is known to provide enhanced precision for estimating a single phase. However, depending on the parameters involved, the quantum limit for the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters may not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-07 Philip J. D. Crowley , Animesh Datta , Marco Barbieri , Ian A. Walmsley

We generalize the approach by Braunstein and Caves [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3439 (1994)] to quantum multi-parameter estimation with general states. We derive a matrix bound of the classical Fisher information matrix due to each measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-10 Jing Yang , Shengshi Pang , Yiyu Zhou , Andrew N. Jordan

The optimal quantum measurements for estimating different unknown parameters in a parameterized quantum state are usually incompatible with each other. Traditional approaches to addressing the measurement incompatibility issue, such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Sisi Zhou , Senrui Chen

One of the characteristic features of quantum mechanics is that every measurement that extracts information about a general quantum system necessarily causes an unavoidable disturbance to the state of this system. A plethora of different…

Precise estimation of physical parameters underpins both scientific discovery and technological development. A central goal of quantum metrology and sensing is to exploit quantum resources like entanglement to devise optimal strategies for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Zhao-Yi Zhou , Da-Jian Zhang

We obtain the multiple-parameter quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound for estimating the transverse Cartesian components of the centroid and separation of two incoherent optical point sources using an imaging system with finite spatial bandwidth.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-05 Shan Zheng Ang , Ranjith Nair , Mankei Tsang

A usual assumption in quantum estimation is that the unknown parameter labels the possible states of the system, while it influences neither the sample space of outcomes nor the measurement aimed at extracting information on the parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-18 Luigi Seveso , Matteo A. C. Rossi , Matteo G. A. Paris

The quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound is a cornerstone of modern quantum metrology, as it provides the ultimate precision in parameter estimation. In the multiparameter scenario, this bound becomes a matrix inequality, which can be cast to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Aaron Z. Goldberg , Luis L. Sánchez-Soto , Hugo Ferretti

We show how to quantify the optimal tradeoff between the amount of information retrieved by a quantum measurement in estimating an unknown spin coherent state and the disturbance on the state itself, and how to derive the corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Massimiliano F. Sacchi

Quantum parameter estimation theory is an important component of quantum information theory and provides the statistical foundation that underpins important topics such as quantum system identification and quantum waveform estimation. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Hendra I. Nurdin

We demonstrate an approach to obtaining near quantum-limited far-field imaging resolution of incoherent sources with arbitrary distributions. Our method assumes no prior knowledge of the source distribution, but rather uses an adaptive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-28 Erik F. Matlin , Lucas J. Zipp

The estimation of multiple parameters is a ubiquitous requirement in many quantum metrology applications. However, achieving the ultimate precision limit, i.e. the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound, becomes challenging in these scenarios compared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-25 Ben Wang , Kaimin Zheng , Qian Xie , Aonan Zhang , Liang Xu , Lijian Zhang

We perform an analysis supplementing the metrology toolbox in the time-frequency domain. While the relevant time-frequency-based metrological protocols can be borrowed from the spatial domain, where they have recently been well developed,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Łukasz Rudnicki , Tomasz Linowski

We investigate the localization of two incoherent point sources with arbitrary angular and axial separations in the paraxial approximation. By using quantum metrology techniques, we show that a simultaneous estimation of the two separations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Carmine Napoli , Samanta Piano , Richard Leach , Gerardo Adesso , Tommaso Tufarelli

A longstanding problem in quantum metrology is how to extract as much information as possible in realistic scenarios with not only multiple unknown parameters, but also limited measurement data and some degree of prior information. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

Additive measures for information and disturbance in quantum measurements of a system are defined from well-known multiplicative measures such as estimation and operation fidelities using a logarithm. This is motivated by the fact that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Hiroaki Terashima

We provide a general framework for quantifying the optimal tradeoff between the information retrieved by a quantum measurement and the disturbance on the quantum state in covariant quantum state estimation.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-08-29 Massimiliano F. Sacchi

How well can multiple incompatible observables be implemented by a single measurement? This is a fundamental problem in quantum mechanics with wide implications for the performance optimization of numerous tasks in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Hongzhen Chen , Lingna Wang , Haidong Yuan

We obtain the ultimate quantum limit for estimating the transverse separation of two thermal point sources using a given imaging system with limited spatial bandwidth. We show via the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound that, contrary to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Ranjith Nair , Mankei Tsang

The field of quantum metrology seeks to apply quantum techniques and/or resources to classical sensing approaches with the goal of enhancing the precision in the estimation of a parameter beyond what can be achieved with classical…