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The diode effect is fundamental to electronic devices and is widely used in rectifiers and AC-DC converters. At low temperatures, however, conventional semiconductor diodes possess a high resistivity, which yields energy loss and heating…

Non-collinear antiferromagnets (nAFMs) with a small net magnetic moment offer new opportunities for ultrafast spintronic devices, owing to unique physical properties. While in ferromagnets and collinear AFMs the spin current polarization is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Ping Tang , Gerrit E. W. Bauer

Spin-polarized antiferromagnets (AFMs), including altermagnets, noncollinear AFMs, and two-dimensional layer-polarized AFMs, have emerged as transformative materials for next-generation spintronic and optoelectronic technologies. These…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-23 Zhenzhou Guo , Xiaotian Wang , Wenhong Wang , Gang Zhang , Xiaodong Zhou , Zhenxiang Cheng

Antiferromagnetic materials have a vanishingly small net magnetization, which generates weak dipolar fields and makes them robust against external magnetic perturbation and rapid magnetization dynamics, as dictated by the geometric mean of…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-19 Ankit Shukla , Siyuan Qian , Shaloo Rakheja

Current studies of non-reciprocal superconducting (SC) transport have centered on the forward-backward asymmetry of the critical current measured along a single axis. In most realizations, this diode effect is achieved via introducing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-12-05 F. Yang , L. Q. Chen

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials with zero or vanishingly small macroscopic magnetization are nowadays the constituent elements of spintronic devices. However, possibility to use them as active elements that show nontrivial controllable…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-05-30 Helen V. Gomonay , Roman Kunitsyn , Vadim M. Loktev

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a fundamental building block for dissipationless nonreciprocal electronics, yet its microscopic origins in thin films often involve competing mechanisms that remain debated. Here, we demonstrate…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-25 E. B. de Melo Junior , E. Strambini , F. Giazotto , C. I. L. de Araujo

The novel electronic state of the canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator, strontium iridate (Sr2IrO4) has been well described by the spin-orbit-entangled isospin Jeff = 1/2, but the role of isospin in transport phenomena remains poorly…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-05-03 Nara Lee , Eunjung Ko , Hwan Young Choi , Yun Jeong Hong , Muhammad Nauman , Woun Kang , Hyoung Joon Choi , Young Jai Choi , Younjung Jo

Altermagnets have recently emerged as a distinct class of magnetic systems that exhibit spin splitting of electronic bands while retaining zero net magnetization. This unique combination makes them a promising platform for time-reversal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Constantin Schrade , Sujit Manna , Mathias S. Scheurer

The recent realization of superconducting proximity effect in chiral antiferromagnets (cAFMs) opens a new route to nonreciprocal superconducting transport of fundamental interest and practical importance. Using microscopic modeling and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-12-19 Jin-Xing Hou , Chuang Li , Lun-Hui Hu , Song-Bo Zhang

The superconducting diode effect (SDE)- manifested as directional, dissipationless supercurrents - is pivotal for realizing energy-efficient superconducting logic and memory technologies. Achieving high-efficiency SDE without external…

Electric control of N\'eel vector is a central task of antiferromagnetic (AFM) spintronics. The major scheme so far relies on the linear N\'eel torque, which however is restricted to AFMs with broken inversion symmetry. Here, we propose a…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-13 Jin Cao , Weikang Wu , Huiying Liu , Shen Lai , Cong Xiao , X. C. Xie , Shengyuan A. Yang

Compensated magnetic orders that can split the spin-degeneracy of electronic bands have become a very active field of research. As opposed to spin-orbit coupling, the splitting resulting from these "altermagnets" is not a small relativistic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Saurav Sachin , Mathias S. Scheurer , Constantin Schrade , Sujit Manna

Nonreciprocal transport is generally observed in superconductors in which time reversal and inversion symmetries are simultaneously broken. This effect, which may become one of the backbones for future superconducting electronics, arises…

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials are considered as promising building blocks of novel data storage devices, still, detecting and manipulating AFM domains have remained challenging. Here, we demonstrate that the two antiphase domains of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-13 B. Tóth , V. Kocsis , Y. Tokunaga , Y. Taguchi , Y. Tokura , S. Bordács

A vital goal in spintronics is the efficient electrical generation of spin currents, a pursuit that has recently focused on using antiferromagnets (AFMs) as spin current sources. It has been demonstrated that antiferromagnets with broken PT…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-07 Meng Zhu , Jianting Dong , Xinlu Li , Jiahao Shentu , Yizhuo Song , Evgeny Y. Tsymbal , Jia Zhang

Symmetry-breaking plays a pivotal role in unlocking intriguing properties and functionalities in material systems. For example, the breaking of spatial and temporal symmetries leads to a fascinating phenomenon of superconducting diode…

Non-reciprocal superconductivity, also known as the superconducting diode effect, has been extensively studied in the presence of a magnetic field or some form of ferromagnetic order breaking time-reversal symmetry. We here show that…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-07-31 Sayan Banerjee , Mathias S. Scheurer

The unique features of ultrafast spin dynamics and the absence of macroscopic magnetization in antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials provide a distinct route towards high-speed magnetic storage devices with low energy consumption and high…

Harnessing the unique properties of non-collinear antiferromagnets (AFMs) will be essential for exploiting the full potential of antiferromagnetic spintronics. Indeed, many of the effects enabling ferromagnetic spintronic devices have a…

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