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In the Ultimatum Game (UG) one player, named "proposer", has to decide how to allocate a certain amount of money between herself and a "responder". If the offer is greater than or equal to the responder's minimum acceptable offer (MAO),…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-04 Valerio Capraro

Political polling is a multi-billion dollar industry with outsized influence on the societal trajectory of the United States and nations around the world. However, it has been challenged by factors that stress its cost, availability, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Nathan E. Sanders , Alex Ulinich , Bruce Schneier

Similar to social media bots that shape public opinion, healthcare and financial decisions, LLM-based ChatBots like ChatGPT can persuade users to alter their behavior. Unlike prior work that persuades via overt-partisan bias or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Anthony Wise , Xinyi Zhou , Martin Reimann , Anind Dey , Leilani Battle

With the rapid evolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have emerged as powerful tools capable of transforming various sectors. Their vast knowledge base and dynamic interaction capabilities…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Kevin Wang , Jason Ramos , Ramon Lawrence

The Ultimatum Game (UG) is an economic game where two players (proposer and responder) decide how to split a certain amount of money. While traditional economic theories based on rational decision making predict that the proposer should…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-04-06 Genki Ichinose , Hiroki Sayama

ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, was released to provide coherent and useful replies based on analysis of large volumes of data. In this article, leading scientists, researchers and engineers discuss the transformative effects of ChatGPT on…

Long-term life task planning is inherently complex and uncertain, yet little is known about how emerging AI systems support this process. This study investigates how people use ChatGPT for such planning tasks, focusing on user practices,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Ben Wang , Jiqun Liu

Frontline humanitarian negotiators are increasingly exploring ways to use AI tools in their workflows. However, current AI-tools in negotiation primarily focus on outcomes, neglecting crucial aspects of the negotiation process. Through…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-15 ZIlin Ma , Yiyang Mei , Claude Bruderlein , Krzysztof Z. Gajos , Weiwei Pan

Since the release of ChatGPT, numerous studies have highlighted the remarkable performance of ChatGPT, which often rivals or even surpasses human capabilities in various tasks and domains. However, this paper presents a contrasting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Anis Koubaa , Basit Qureshi , Adel Ammar , Zahid Khan , Wadii Boulila , Lahouari Ghouti

Given the rapid advancement of large-scale language models, artificial intelligence (AI) models, like ChatGPT, are playing an increasingly prominent role in human society. However, to ensure that artificial intelligence models benefit human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hang Yuan , Zhongyue Che , Shao Li , Yue Zhang , Xiaomeng Hu , Siyang Luo

The recent release of ChatGPT has garnered widespread recognition for its exceptional ability to generate human-like responses in dialogue. Given its usage by users from various nations and its training on a vast multilingual corpus that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Yong Cao , Li Zhou , Seolhwa Lee , Laura Cabello , Min Chen , Daniel Hershcovich

Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT (Conditional Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is an artificial intelligence technology that is fine-tuned using supervised machine learning and reinforcement learning techniques, allowing a computer to…

The advent of automation in particular Software Engineering (SE) tasks has transitioned from theory to reality. Numerous scholarly articles have documented the successful application of Artificial Intelligence to address issues in areas…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Nathalia Nascimento , Paulo Alencar , Donald Cowan

This research examines how the emotional tone of human-AI interactions shapes ChatGPT and human behavior. In a between-subject experiment, we asked participants to express a specific emotion while working with ChatGPT (GPT-4.0) on two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Florence Bernays , Marco Henriques Pereira , Jochen Menges

Recommendation algorithms have been pivotal in handling the overwhelming volume of online content. However, these algorithms seldom consider direct user input, resulting in superficial interaction between them. Efforts have been made to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Kyle Dylan Spurlock , Cagla Acun , Esin Saka , Olfa Nasraoui

The recently released ChatGPT has demonstrated surprising abilities in natural language understanding and natural language generation. Machine translation relies heavily on the abilities of language understanding and generation. Thus, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Yuan Gao , Ruili Wang , Feng Hou

We compare the performance of human and artificially intelligent (AI) decision makers in simple binary classification tasks where the optimal decision rule is given by Bayes Rule. We reanalyze choices of human subjects gathered from…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-16 Tianshi Mu , Pranjal Rawat , John Rust , Chengjun Zhang , Qixuan Zhong

While diversity has become a debated issue in design, very little research exists on positive use-cases for diversity beyond scholarly criticism. The current work addresses this gap through the case of a diversity-aware chatbot, exploring…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Peter Kun , Amalia De Götzen , Miriam Bidoglia , Niels Jørgen Gommesen , George Gaskell

Upon release, ChatGPT3.5 shocked the software engineering community by its ability to generate answers to specialized questions about coding. Immediately, many educators wondered if it was possible to use the chatbot as a support tool that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yaiza Aragonés-Soria , Julia Kotovich , Chitsutha Soomlek , Manuel Oriol

We explore the idea of aligning an AI assistant by inverting a model of users' (unknown) preferences from observed interactions. To validate our proposal, we run proof-of-concept simulations in the economic ultimatum game, formalizing user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Jan-Philipp Fränken , Sam Kwok , Peixuan Ye , Kanishk Gandhi , Dilip Arumugam , Jared Moore , Alex Tamkin , Tobias Gerstenberg , Noah D. Goodman