English
Related papers

Related papers: Noisy Neighbors: Efficient membership inference at…

200 papers

Artificial intelligence systems are prevalent in everyday life, with use cases in retail, manufacturing, health, and many other fields. With the rise in AI adoption, associated risks have been identified, including privacy risks to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Shlomit Shachor , Natalia Razinkov , Abigail Goldsteen

Machine learning models leak information about the datasets on which they are trained. An adversary can build an algorithm to trace the individual members of a model's training dataset. As a fundamental inference attack, he aims to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-17 Milad Nasr , Reza Shokri , Amir Houmansadr

Transfer learning has been widely studied and gained increasing popularity to improve the accuracy of machine learning models by transferring some knowledge acquired in different training. However, no prior work has pointed out that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Seira Hidano , Takao Murakami , Yusuke Kawamoto

We study the privacy implications of training recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with sensitive training datasets. Considering membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether or not specific data records have been used in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Yunhao Yang , Parham Gohari , Ufuk Topcu

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are currently considered one of the main privacy attack strategies, and their defense mechanisms have also been extensively explored. However, there is still a gap between the existing defense approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xingli Fang , Jung-Eun Kim

While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are the prevailing method for identifying training data, their application has expanded into privacy auditing and machine unlearning. Nevertheless, the field lacks a systematic framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ding Chen , Xinwen Cheng , Xuyang Zhong , Xinping Chen , Xiaolin Huang , Chen Liu

In Embedding-as-an-Interface (EaaI) settings, pre-trained models are queried for Intermediate Representations (IRs). The distributional properties of IRs can leak training-set membership signals, enabling Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiayang Meng , Tao Huang , Chen Hou , Guolong Zheng , Hong Chen

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) test whether a target data record belongs to a system's private data, and have become a standard tool to measure privacy leakage in machine learning systems. Prior work has primarily focused on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kai Chen , Yan Pang , Tianhao Wang

In this paper we develop state-of-the-art privacy attacks against Large Language Models (LLMs), where an adversary with some access to the model tries to learn something about the underlying training data. Our headline results are new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jeffrey G. Wang , Jason Wang , Marvin Li , Seth Neel

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) derive their capabilities from extensive training on vast corpora of visual and textual data. Empowered by large-scale parameters, these models often exhibit strong memorization of their training data,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jinhua Yin , Peiru Yang , Chen Yang , Huili Wang , Zhiyang Hu , Shangguang Wang , Yongfeng Huang , Tao Qi

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) expose privacy risks by determining whether a specific sample was part of a model's training set. These threats are especially serious in sensitive domains such as healthcare and finance. Traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Javad Forough , Hamed Haddadi

Federated Large Language Models (FedLLMs) enable multiple parties to collaboratively fine-tune LLMs without sharing raw data, addressing challenges of limited resources and privacy concerns. Despite data localization, shared gradients can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Guilin Deng , Silong Chen , Yuchuan Luo , Yi Liu , Songlei Wang , Zhiping Cai , Lin Liu , Xiaohua Jia , Shaojing Fu

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising privacy-aware paradigm that allows multiple clients to jointly train a model without sharing their private data. Recently, many studies have shown that FL is vulnerable to membership…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Hongsheng Hu , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Gillian Dobbie , Xuyun Zhang

The rapid advancement of diffusion-based image generation models has raised serious concerns regarding potential copyright and privacy infringements involving human-created data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) have emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tao Qi , Huili Wang , Yuanhong Huang , Wendan Wang , Lianchao Zhao , Jinrui Wang , Zichen Qin , Shangguang Wang , Yongfeng Huang

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) in the real world has come with a rise in copyright cases against companies for training their models on unlicensed data from the internet. Recent works have presented methods to identify if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Pratyush Maini , Hengrui Jia , Nicolas Papernot , Adam Dziedzic

Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) enable to empirically assess the privacy of a machine learning algorithm. In this paper, we propose TAMIS, a novel MIA against differentially-private synthetic data generation methods that rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Paul Andrey , Batiste Le Bars , Marc Tommasi

While Federated Learning (FL) mitigates direct data exposure, the resulting trained models remain susceptible to membership inference attacks (MIAs). This paper presents an empirical evaluation of Differential Privacy (DP) as a defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Gustavo de Carvalho Bertoli

Since machine learning model is often trained on a limited data set, the model is trained multiple times on the same data sample, which causes the model to memorize most of the training set data. Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) exploit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Depeng Chen , Xiao Liu , Jie Cui , Hong Zhong

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are popular methods for empirically assessing the leakage of sensitive information in the training data through models or statistics learned from the data. The MIA vulnerability is often evaluated through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Joonas Jälkö , Gauri Pradhan , Ossi Räisä , Antti Honkela

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have rapidly gained prominence for their strong performance in solving complex tasks. Many modern black-box LRMs expose the intermediate reasoning traces through APIs to improve transparency (e.g., Gemini-2.5…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ruihan Hu , Yu-Ming Shang , Wei Luo , Ye Tao , Xi Zhang