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Parity-violation leaves tell-tale trails in many cosmological observables. We illustrate parity-odd primordial scalar trispectra, that despite being of modest strength, impart detectable chirality to scalar-induced gravitational waves…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 H. V. Ragavendra , Nicola Bartolo

The spatial covariant gravities provide a natural way to including odd-order spatial derivative terms into the gravitational action, which breaks the parity symmetry at gravitational sector. A lot of parity-violating scalar-tensor theories…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-08 Tao Zhu , Wen Zhao , Anzhong Wang

Gravitational waves (GWs) are useful to test gravitational theories and to probe the physics in the early universe. In this paper, we investigate the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) in symmetric teleparallel gravity with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-15 Fengge Zhang , Jia-Xi Feng , Xian Gao

The tests of parity symmetry in the gravitational interaction is an attractive issue in the gravitational-wave astronomy. In the general theories of gravity with parity violation, one of the fundamental results is that the primordial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-26 Jin Qiao , Tao Zhu , Wen Zhao , Anzhong Wang

A gravitational wave background is expected to emerge from the superposition of numerous gravitational wave sources of both astrophysical and cosmological origin. A number of cosmological models can have a parity violation, resulting in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-10 Charles Badger , Mairi Sakellariadou

We study primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) in the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of quantum gravity, in which high-order spatial derivative operators, including the ones violating parity, generically appear in order for the theory to be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-10 Anzhong Wang , Qiang Wu , Wen Zhao , Tao Zhu

In this paper, we develop a quantum field theory framework to describe the interaction between a gravitational wave (GW) background and an electromagnetic (EM) field emitted from a distant celestial source, such as a star. We demonstrate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-14 Fateme Shojaei Arani , Malek Bagheri Harouni , Brahim Lamine , Alain Blanchard

In this paper, we analyze parity-violating effects in the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs). For this purpose, we adopt a newly proposed parametrized post-Einstenian (PPE) formalism, which encodes modified gravity corrections to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-05 Matteo Califano , Rocco D'Agostino , Daniele Vernieri

Parity violation in the gravitational sector is a prediction of many theories beyond general relativity. In the propagation of gravitational waves, parity violation manifests by inducing amplitude and/or velocity birefringence between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-10 Thomas Callister , Leah Jenks , Daniel Holz , Nicolás Yunes

Violation of parity symmetry in the gravitational sector, which manifests into unequal left and right circular polarization states of primordial gravitational waves, represents a way to test high-energy modifications to general relativity.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-08 Nicola Bartolo , Luca Caloni , Giorgio Orlando , Angelo Ricciardone

Spectator fields which provide additional tensor degrees of freedom, on top of the standard metric tensor perturbations, can produce significant amounts of gravitational waves (GWs). Employing the effective field theory approach for spin-2…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-13 Jaume Garriga , Mohammad Ali Gorji , Fazlollah Hajkarim , Misao Sasaki

We show that three-dimensional information is critical to discerning the effects of parity violation in the primordial gravity-wave background. If present, helical gravity waves induce parity-violating correlations in the cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-07 Kiyoshi Wesley Masui , Ue-Li Pen , Neil Turok

As an extension of our previous work [J.Qiao, T.Zhu, W.Zhao & A.Wang, arXiv:1909.03815], in this article, we calculate the effects of parity violation on gravitational-wave (GW) waveforms during their propagation in the most general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-06 Wen Zhao , Tao Zhu , Jin Qiao , Anzhong Wang

We investigate the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) in metric teleparallel gravity with the Nieh-Yan (NY) term, which results in parity violation during the radiation-dominated era. By solving the equations of motion of linear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-24 Fengge Zhang , Jia-Xi Feng , Xian Gao

The question of whether the parity violation occurs in gravitational interaction has recently attracted much attention. In this paper, we investigate the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) in symmetric teleparallel gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-21 Fengge Zhang

We consider gravitational waves (GWs) in generic parity-violating gravity including recently proposed ghost-free theories with parity violation as well as Chern-Simons (CS) modified gravity, and study the implications of observational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-26 Atsushi Nishizawa , Tsutomu Kobayashi

In this paper, we investigate the inflationary phenomenology of parity-violating (PV) extensions of symmetric teleparallel gravity by applying this PV gravity theory to axion inflation. The presence of PV terms induces velocity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 Rongrong Zhai , Chengjie Fu , Xiangyun Fu , Puxun Wu , Hongwei Yu

A cosmological gauge field with isotropic stress-energy introduces parity violation into the behavior of gravitational waves. We show that a primordial spectrum of inflationary gravitational waves develops a preferred handedness, left- or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-10 Jannis Bielefeld , Robert R. Caldwell

In this paper, we study the effects of parity violation on non-gaussianities of primordial gravitational waves in the framework of Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz theory of gravity, in which high-order spatial derivative operators, including the ones…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-29 Tao Zhu , Wen Zhao , Yongqing Huang , Anzhong Wang , Qiang Wu

Explorations of the violation of null energy condition (NEC) in cosmology could enrich our understanding of the very early universe and the related gravity theories. Although a fully stable NEC violation can be realized in the ``beyond…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-24 Yong Cai , Ji Xu , Shuai Zhao , Siyi Zhou