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Dimensionality of a physical system, conventionally an invariant geometric characteristic, fundamentally governs the universality class of phase transitions and the landscape of emergent collective phenomena. In low-dimensional or layered…
We clarify that metamagnetic transitions in three dimensions show unusual properties as quantum phase transitions if they are accompanied by changes in Fermi-surface topology. An unconventional universality deeply affected by the…
Effect of disorder in metallic thin film is examined as a possible mechanism of the Superconductor-Insulator (S-I) transition. The critical value of disorder corresponding to the transition point is found analytically by using…
We examine the idea, postulated by Phillips et al., that a finite resistivity in $T \to 0$ limit in disordered granular superconducting (SC) films is explained as a consequence of the absence of phase stiffness in a phase glass (PG)…
We investigate the emergence of quantum spin liquid phases in pyrochlore oxides with non-Kramers ions, in which structural randomness effectively acts as a transverse field, introducing quantum fluctuations on top of the spin ice manifold.…
We use the Wilson-Fisher $\epsilon$ expansion to study quantum critical behavior in gauged Yukawa matrix field theories with weak quenched disorder. We find that the resulting quantum critical behavior is in the universality class of the…
Novel quantum phenomena, including high-temperature superconductivity, topological properties, and charge/spin density waves, appear in low-dimensional conductive materials. It is possible to artificially create low-dimensional systems by…
In a number of recent experiments it has been demonstrated that in ultra-narrow superconducting channels quantum fluctuations of the order parameter, alternatively called quantum phase slips, are responsible for the finite resistance well…
Recent technological advances in controlling materials have developed methods to produce idealized two-dimensional (2D) electron systems such as heterogeneous interfaces, molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) grown atomic layers, exfoliated thin…
A surprisingly strong variation of resistance with perpendicular magnetic field, and a peak in the resistance vs. field, R(B) has been found in insulating films of a sequence of homogeneous, quench-condensed films of amorphous Bi undergoing…
The recent discovery that superconductivity occurs in several clean itinerant ferromagnets close to low temperature magnetic instabilities naturally invites an interpretation based on a proximity to quantum criticality. Here we report…
We derive the theory of the quantum (zero temperature) superconductor to metal transition in disordered materials when the resistance of the normal metal near criticality is small compared to the quantum of resistivity. This can occur most…
Topological aspects of superconductivity in quantum spin-Hall systems (QSHSs) such as thin layers of three-dimensional topological insulators (3D Tis) or two-dimensional Tis are in the focus of current research. We examine hybrid…
Thin films of disordered superconductors such as titanium nitride (TiN) exhibit large kinetic inductance (KI), high critical temperature, and large quality factors at the single-photon level. KI nonlinearity can be exploited as an…
Two quintessential ingredients governing the topological invariant of a system are the dimensionality and the symmetry of the system. Due to the recent development of thin film and artificial superstructure growth technique, it is possible…
Recent experiments in iron pnictide superconductors reveal that, as the putative magnetic quantum critical point is approached, different types of magnetic order coexist over a narrow region of the phase diagram. Although these magnetic…
The occurrence of high-T_c superconductivity in systems including the cuprates and the iron-based superconductors, is known to coincide with the existence of anomalous normal-state properties which have been associated with quantum…
We have studied the quantum transport in a narrow constriction acted upon by a finite-range longitudinally polarized time-dependent electric field. The electric field induces coherent inelastic scatterings which involve both intra-subband…
Highly disordered magnetism confined to individual weakly interacting vortices is detected by muon spin rotation in two different families of high-transition-temperature superconductors, but only in samples on the low-doping side of the…
The superconductor-insulator (SI) transition in two-dimensional Ta thin films is investigated by controlling both film thickness and magnetic field. An intriguing metallic phase intervening superconductor and an insulator phase is observed…