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Fourier Analysis Network (FAN) was recently proposed as a simple way to improve neural network performance by replacing part of Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activations with sine and cosine functions. Although several studies have reported…
In this paper, we introduce a novel type of Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), called a Dual Rectified Linear Unit (DReLU). A DReLU, which comes with an unbounded positive and negative image, can be used as a drop-in replacement for a tanh…
We propose a gradient ascent algorithm for quaternion multilayer perceptron (MLP) networks based on the cost function of the maximum correntropy criterion (MCC). In the algorithm, we use the split quaternion activation function based on the…
We analyze a simple one-hidden-layer neural network with ReLU activation functions and fixed biases, with one-dimensional input and output. We study both continuous and discrete versions of the model, and we rigorously prove the convergence…
Activation functions are essential for deep learning methods to learn and perform complex tasks such as image classification. Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) has been widely used and become the default activation function across the deep…
A crucial property for achieving secure, trustworthy and interpretable deep learning systems is their robustness: small changes to a system's inputs should not result in large changes to its outputs. Mathematically, this means one strives…
There has been a growing interest in expressivity of deep neural networks. However, most of the existing work about this topic focuses only on the specific activation function such as ReLU or sigmoid. In this paper, we investigate the…
The non-convex nature of trained neural networks has created significant obstacles in their incorporation into optimization models. In this context, Anderson et al. (2020) provided a framework to obtain the convex hull of the graph of a…
Deep neural networks have been successfully used in diverse emerging domains to solve real world complex problems with may more deep learning(DL) architectures, being developed to date. To achieve these state-of-the-art performances, the DL…
Activation functions are core components of all deep learning architectures. Currently, the most popular activation functions are smooth ReLU variants like GELU and SiLU. These are self-gated activation functions where the range of the…
Activation functions are central to deep networks, influencing non-linearity, feature learning, convergence, and robustness. This paper proposes the Adaptive Arctangent Gated Activation (ArcGate) function, a flexible formulation that…
Activation functions play an important role in training artificial neural networks. The majority of currently used activation functions are deterministic in nature, with their fixed input-output relationship. In this work, we propose a…
In artificial neural network, the activation function and the weight initialization method play important roles in training and performance of a neural network. The question arises is what properties of a function are important/necessary…
Nonlinear activation functions are pivotal to the success of deep neural nets, and choosing the appropriate activation function can significantly affect their performance. Most networks use fixed activation functions (e.g., ReLU, GELU,…
The activation function in neural network introduces the non-linearity required to deal with the complex tasks. Several activation/non-linearity functions are developed for deep learning models. However, most of the existing activation…
In this paper we introduce activation functions that move the entire computation of Convolutional Networks into the frequency domain, where they are actually Hadamard Networks. To achieve this result we employ the properties of Discrete…
We present a Fourier neural network (FNN) that can be mapped directly to the Fourier decomposition. The choice of activation and loss function yields results that replicate a Fourier series expansion closely while preserving a…
Recently, neural networks have been widely applied in the power system area. They can be used for better predicting input information and modeling system performance with increased accuracy. In some applications such as battery degradation…
Deep neural networks paved the way for significant improvements in image visual categorization during the last years. However, even though the tasks are highly varying, differing in complexity and difficulty, existing solutions mostly build…
The performance of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is influenced by weight initialization, the nature of activation functions, and their architecture. There is a wide range of activation functions that are traditionally used to train a…