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Distance correlation is a recent extension of Pearson's correlation, that characterises general statistical independence between Euclidean-space-valued random variables, not only linear relations. This review delves into how and when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Fernando Castro-Prado , Wenceslao González-Manteiga

Studying the multivariate extension of copula correlation yields a dimension reduction principle, which turns out to be strongly related with the `simple measure of conditional dependence' $T$ recently introduced by Azadkia & Chatterjee…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-07 Sebastian Fuchs

Classical dependence measures such as Pearson correlation, Spearman's $\rho$, and Kendall's $\tau$ can detect only monotonic or linear dependence. To overcome these limitations, Szekely et al.(2007) proposed distance covariance as a…

Computation · Statistics 2019-02-07 Arin Chaudhuri , Wenhao Hu

The covariance of two random variables measures the average joint deviations from their respective means. We generalise this well-known measure by replacing the means with other statistical functionals such as quantiles, expectiles, or…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-22 Tobias Fissler , Marc-Oliver Pohle

In their seminal work, Azadkia and Chatterjee (2021) initiated graph-based methods for measuring variable dependence strength. By appealing to nearest neighbor graphs, they gave an elegant solution to a problem of R\'enyi (R\'enyi, 1959).…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-23 Fang Han , Zhihan Huang

Multivariate correlation analysis plays a key role in various fields such as statistics and big data analytics. In this paper, it is presented a new non-parametric association measure between more than two variables based on the concept of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-13 Eloi Martinez-Rabert

Distance covariance is a widely used statistical methodology for testing the dependency between two groups of variables. Despite the appealing properties of consistency and superior testing power, the testing results of distance covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Andi Wang , Hao Yan , Juan Du

We take a different look at the problem of testing the independence of two metric-space-valued random variables using the distance correlation. Instead of testing if the distance correlation vanishes exactly, we are interested in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Holger Dette , Marius Kroll

The relationship between statistical dependency and causality lies at the heart of all statistical approaches to causal inference. Recent results in the ChaLearn cause-effect pair challenge have shown that causal directionality can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Gianluca Bontempi , Maxime Flauder

In this article, we consider the complete independence test of high-dimensional data. Based on Chatterjee coefficient, we pioneer the development of quadratic test and extreme value test which possess good testing performance for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Liqi Xia , Ruiyuan Cao , Jiang Du , Jun Dai

Distance correlation has become an increasingly popular tool for detecting the nonlinear dependence between a pair of potentially high-dimensional random vectors. Most existing works have explored its asymptotic distributions under the null…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Lan Gao , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv , Qi-Man Shao

Discovering a correlation from one variable to another variable is of fundamental scientific and practical interest. While existing correlation measures are suitable for discovering average correlation, they fail to discover hidden or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-22 Hyeji Kim , Weihao Gao , Sreeram Kannan , Sewoong Oh , Pramod Viswanath

The distance standard deviation, which arises in distance correlation analysis of multivariate data, is studied as a measure of spread. The asymptotic distribution of the empirical distance standard deviation is derived under the assumption…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Dominic Edelmann , Donald Richards , Daniel Vogel

Chatterjee (2021) introduced a simple new rank correlation coefficient that has attracted much recent attention. The coefficient has the unusual appeal that it not only estimates a population quantity first proposed by Dette et al. (2013)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Hongjian Shi , Mathias Drton , Fang Han

In this paper, we propose a novel association measure for longitudinal studies based on the traditional definition of relative risk. In a Markovian fashion, such a proposal takes into account the information content regarding the previous…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-27 Lina Buitrago , Juan Sosa , Oscar Melo

This contribution presents a Bayesian approach to the issue of linking of the results from key comparison measurements. A mathematical treatment based on Bayesian statistics for the analysis of the results from two comparisons with some…

Applications · Statistics 2015-01-29 Michael Krystek , Harald Bosse

Fractal geometry proved to be an effective mathematical tool for exploring real geographical space based on digital maps and remote sensing images. Whether the fractal theory tool can be applied to abstract geographical space has not been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-06-06 Yanguang Chen

The difficulties of detecting association, measuring correlation, and establishing cause and effect have fascinated mankind since time immemorial. Democritus, the Greek philosopher, underscored well the importance and the difficulty of…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-09-20 Donald St. P. Richards

Measuring the (causal) direction and strength of dependence between two variables (events), Xi and Xj , is fundamental for all science. Our survey of decades-long literature on statistical dependence reveals that most assume symmetry in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-01 Hrishikesh Vinod

Azadkia and Chatterjee (2021) recently introduced a simple nearest neighbor (NN) graph-based correlation coefficient that consistently detects both independence and functional dependence. Specifically, it approximates a measure of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Mona Azadkia , Leihao Chen , Fang Han