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In this paper we extend counting of traversing Hamiltonian cycles from 2-tiled graphs to generalized tiled graphs. We further show that, for a fixed finite set of tiles, counting traversing Hamiltonian cycles can be done in linear time with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-28 Alen Vegi Kalamar

A $k$-coloring of a graph is an assignment of integers between $1$ and $k$ to vertices in the graph such that the endpoints of each edge receive different numbers. We study a local variation of the coloring problem, which imposes further…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-24 Jie You , Yixin Cao , Jianxin Wang

This note is on the structures of line graphs and 2-variegated graphs. We have given here solutions of some graph equations involving line graphs and 2-variegated graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Ranjan N. Naik

Given an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and two positive integers $d,k \in \mathbb{N}$, the ($d,kn$)-differential coloring problem asks for a coloring of the vertices of $G$ (if one exists) with distinct numbers from 1 to $kn$ (treated as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Michael Bekos , Stephen Kobourov , Michael Kaufmann , Sankar Veeramoni

We show that anagram-free vertex colouring a $2\times n$ square grid requires a number of colours that increases with $n$. This answers an open question in Wilson's thesis and shows that even graphs of pathwidth $2$ do not have anagram-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-06 Saman Bazarghani , Paz Carmi , Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin

A Grundy k-coloring of a graph G, is a vertex k-coloring of G such that for each two colors i and j with i < j, every vertex of G colored by j has a neighbor with color i. The Grundy chromatic number (G), is the largest integer k for which…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-06-06 Ali Mansouri , Mohamed Salim Bouhlel

For a positive integer $k$, a $k$-colouring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a mapping $c: V\rightarrow\{1,2,...,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ whenever $uv\in E$. The Colouring problem is to decide, for a given $G$ and $k$, whether a $k$-colouring…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Petr A. Golovach , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma , Jian Song

We show a method how to convert any graph into the binary number and vice versa. We derive upper bound for maximum number of graphs, that, have fixed number of vertices and can be colored with n colors (n is any given number). Proof for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kamil Kulesza , Zbigniew Kotulski

We study the covering path problem on a grid of R^{2}. We generalize earlier results on a rectangular grid and prove that the covering path cost can be bounded by the area and perimeter of the grid. We provide (2+\epsilon) and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Liwei Zeng , Karen Smilowitz , Sunil Chopra

Kautz and de Bruijn graphs have a high degree of connectivity which makes them ideal candidates for massively parallel computer network topologies. In order to realize a practical computer architecture based on these graphs, it is useful to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-01-11 Washington Taylor , Jud Leonard , Lawrence C. Stewart

We study two weighted graph coloring problems, in which one assigns $q$ colors to the vertices of a graph such that adjacent vertices have different colors, with a vertex weighting $w$ that either disfavors or favors a given color. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Shu-Chiuan Chang , Robert Shrock

The online list coloring is a widely studied topic in graph theory. A graph $G$ is 2-paintable if we always have a strategy to complete a coloring in an online list coloring of $G$ in which each vertex has a color list of size 2. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-24 Keaitsuda Nakprasit , Kittikorn Nakprasit

Colouring the vertices of a graph $G$ according to certain conditions can be considered as a random experiment and a discrete random variable $X$ can be defined as the number of vertices having a particular colour in the proper colouring of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-06-09 N. K. Sudev , S. Satheesh , K. P. Chithra , Johan Kok

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is called a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at a distance at most $2$ from each other receive different colors. Suppose that $G$ is a planar graph with girth $5$ and maximum degree $\Delta$. We prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Zakir Deniz

The classic enumerative functions for counting colorings of a graph $G$, such as the chromatic polynomial $P(G,k)$, do so under the assumption that the given graph is labeled. In 1985, Hanlon defined and studied the chromatic polynomial for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock

The graph crossing number problem, cr(G)<=k, asks for a drawing of a graph G in the plane with at most k edge crossings. Although this problem is in general notoriously difficult, it is fixed- parameter tractable for the parameter k…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Petr Hliněný , Marek Derňár

Consider the collection of edge bicolorings of a graph that is cellularly embedded on an orientable surface. In this work, we count the number of equivalence classes of such colorings under two relations: reversing colors around a face and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-02-13 Oliver T. Dasbach , Heather M. Russell

This paper describes several new problems and ideas concerning algebraic geometry and complexity theory. It first uses the idea of coloring graphs with elements of finite fields. This procedure then shows that graph coloring problems can be…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Paul Hriljac

A graph/multigraph $G$ is locally irregular if endvertices of every its edge possess different degrees. The locally irregular edge coloring of $G$ is its edge coloring with the property that every color induces a locally irregular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Igor Grzelec , Tomáš Madaras , Alfréd Onderko , Roman Soták

The connection between matrix integrals and links is used to define matrix models which count alternating tangles in which each closed loop is weighted with a factor n, i.e. may be regarded as decorated with n possible colors. For n=2, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Zinn-Justin , J. -B. Zuber