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Related papers: Modular Pluralism: Pluralistic Alignment via Multi…

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How can large language models (LLMs) serve users with varying preferences that may conflict across cultural, political, or other dimensions? To advance this challenge, this paper establishes four key results. First, we demonstrate, through…

Ensuring Large Language Models (LLMs) align with diverse human preferences while preserving privacy and fairness remains a challenge. Existing methods, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), rely on centralized data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Mahmoud Srewa , Tianyu Zhao , Salma Elmalaki

Large language models (LLMs) are currently aligned using techniques such as reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, these methods use scalar rewards that can only reflect user preferences on average. Pluralistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jadie Adams , Brian Hu , Emily Veenhuis , David Joy , Bharadwaj Ravichandran , Aaron Bray , Anthony Hoogs , Arslan Basharat

With increased power and prevalence of AI systems, it is ever more critical that AI systems are designed to serve all, i.e., people with diverse values and perspectives. However, aligning models to serve pluralistic human values remains an…

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible in many countries, it is essential to align them to serve pluralistic human values across cultures. However, pluralistic culture alignment in LLMs remain an open problem. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shaoyang Xu , Yongqi Leng , Linhao Yu , Deyi Xiong

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in general reasoning yet struggle with specialized tasks requiring proprietary or domain-specific knowledge. Fine-tuning large models for every niche application is often infeasible due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yizhu Jiao , Xuchao Zhang , Zhaoyang Wang , Yubo Ma , Zhun Deng , Rujia Wang , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan , Jiawei Han , Huaxiu Yao

Recent debates raised concerns that language models may favor certain viewpoints. But what if the solution is not to aim for a 'view from nowhere' but rather to leverage different viewpoints? We introduce Plurals, a system and Python…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Joshua Ashkinaze , Emily Fry , Narendra Edara , Eric Gilbert , Ceren Budak

Personalized preference alignment for large language models (LLMs), the process of tailoring LLMs to individual users' preferences, is an emerging research direction spanning the area of NLP and personalization. In this survey, we present…

Emerging efforts in AI alignment seek to broaden participation in shaping model behavior by eliciting and integrating collective input into a policy for model finetuning. While pluralistic, these processes are often linear and do not allow…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-18 K. J. Kevin Feng , Inyoung Cheong , Quan Ze Chen , Amy X. Zhang

Empowered by vast internal knowledge reservoir, the new generation of large language models (LLMs) demonstrate untapped potential to tackle medical tasks. However, there is insufficient effort made towards summoning up a synergic effect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kexin Shang , Chia-Hsuan Chang , Christopher C. Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) alignment methods have been credited with the commercial success of products like ChatGPT, given their role in steering LLMs towards user-friendly outputs. However, current alignment techniques predominantly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Oriane Peter , Kate Devlin

We introduce OVERTONBENCH, a novel framework for measuring Overton pluralism in LLMs--the extent to which diverse viewpoints are represented in model outputs. We (i) formalize Overton pluralism as a set coverage metric (OVERTONSCORE), (ii)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Elinor Poole-Dayan , Jiayi Wu , Taylor Sorensen , Jiaxin Pei , Michiel A. Bakker

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Although large language models (LLMs) are increasingly trained using human feedback for safety and alignment with human values, alignment decisions often overlook human social diversity. This study examines how incorporating pluralistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Dalia Ali , Dora Zhao , Allison Koenecke , Orestis Papakyriakopoulos

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their transition to real-world applications reveals a critical limitation: the inability to adapt to individual preferences while maintaining alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jian Guan , Junfei Wu , Jia-Nan Li , Chuanqi Cheng , Wei Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed via public-facing interfaces to interact with millions of users, each with diverse preferences. Despite this, preference tuning of LLMs predominantly relies on reward models trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Vishakh Padmakumar , Chuanyang Jin , Hannah Rose Kirk , He He

Molecular Relational Learning (MRL) aims to understand interactions between molecular pairs, playing a critical role in advancing biochemical research. With the recent development of large language models (LLMs), a growing number of studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhuo Chen , Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Hongxin Xiang , Linjiang Chen , Wenjie Du , Yang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkably powerful capabilities. One of the crucial factors to achieve success is aligning the LLM's output with human preferences. This alignment process often requires only a small amount of data to…

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has focused on producing responses that meet human expectations and align with shared values - a process coined alignment. However, aligning LLMs remains challenging due to the inherent…

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