Related papers: Irrationality of the Deformed Euler Numbers ${\rm …

The q-deformed algebra ${\rm so}'_q(r,s)$ is a real form of the q-deformed algebra $U'_q({\rm so}(n,\mathbb{C}))$, $n=r+s$, which differs from the quantum algebra $U_q({\rm so}(n,\mathbb{C}))$ of Drinfeld and Jimbo. We study representations…

We introduce a natural definition for sums of the form \[ \sum_{\nu=1}^x f(\nu) \] when the number of terms x is a rather arbitrary real or even complex number. The resulting theory includes the known interpolation of the factorial by the…

In this paper, we establish an exponential inequality for U-statistics of i.i.d. data, varying kernel and taking values in a separable Hilbert space. The bound are expressed as a sum of an exponential term plus an other one involving the…

The Eulerian numbers count permutations according to the number of descents. The two-sided Eulerian numbers count permutations according to number of descents and the number of descents in the inverse permutation. Here we derive some…

In the case of Uq(sl(2,R)) at root of unity q-deformed analogues are proposed for the generator of the maximal compact subalgebra, J, and for the raising and lowering operators. We prove an algebraic identity which implies that J has…

Euler gives a long introduction, giving all the arguments for and against the use of divergent series in calculus and then gives his own definition of the sum of a diverging series. Then in the second half of this paper he evaluates the the…

The main aim of this paper is to give classes of irreducible infinite dimensional representations and of irreducible $*$-representations of the q-deformed algebra $U'_q(so_{2,2})$ which is a real form of the non-standard deformation…

In this paper we review a general proof for the irrationality property of numbers which take a certain form of infinite sums.

What is the product of all {\em odious} integers, i.e., of all integers whose binary expansion contains an odd number of $1$'s? Or more precisely, how to define a product of these integers which is not infinite, but still has a "reasonable"…

Translated from the Latin original, "De numeris amicabilibus" (1747). E100 in the Enestroem index. Euler starts by saying that with the success of mathematical analysis, number theory has been neglected. He argues that number theory is…

In this paper Euler shows that there are no additional square idoneal numbers aside from 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25.

We consider a family U of finite universes. The second order quantifier Q_R, means for each u in U quantifying over a set of n(R)-place relations isomorphic to a given relation. We define a natural partial order on such quantifiers called…

The Euler number $E_n$ (resp. Entringer number $E_{n,k}$) enumerates the alternating (down-up) permutations of $\{1,\dots,n\}$ (resp. starting with $k$). The Springer number $S_n$ (resp. Arnold number $S_{n,k}$) enumerates the type $B$…

We prove that there exist infinitely many rationals a, b and c with the property that a^2-1, b^2-1, c^2-1, ab-1, ac-1 and bc-1 are all perfect squares. This provides a solution to a variant of the problem studied by Diophantus and Euler.

For real numbers $p,q>1$ we consider the following family of integrals: \begin{equation*} \int_{0}^{1}\frac{(x^{q-2}+1)\log\left(x^{mq}+1\right)}{x^q+1}{\rm d}x \quad \mbox{and}\quad…

In this paper we propose a novel family of weighted orthonormal rational functions on a semi-infinite interval. We write a sequence of integer-coefficient polynomials in several forms and derive their corresponding differential equations.…

For positive integers $k$ and $n$ let $\sigma_k(n)$ denote the sum of the $k$th powers of the divisors of $n$. Erd\H{o}s and Kac asked whether, for every $k$, the number $\alpha_k = \sum_{n\geq 1} \frac{\sigma_k(n)}{n!}$ is irrational. It…

The aim of this article is to define some new families of the special numbers. These numbers provide some further motivation for computation of combinatorial sums involving binomial coefficients and the Euler kind numbers of negative order.…

For integers $n\ge s\ge2$, let $e(n,s)$ denote the maximum size of a family $\F\subseteq2^{[n]}$ with no $s$ pairwise disjoint members. The problem of determining $e(n,s)$, now called the Erd\H{o}s--Kleitman problem, is the non-uniform…

We discuss parabolic versions of Euler's identity e^{it}=cos t + i sin t. A purely algebraic approach based on dual numbers is known to produce a very trivial relation e^{pt} = 1+pt. Therefore we use a geometric setup of parabolic rotations…