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Tabular data plays a crucial role in various domains but often suffers from missing values, thereby curtailing its potential utility. Traditional imputation techniques frequently yield suboptimal results and impose substantial computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yizhu Wen , Kai Yi , Jing Ke , Yiqing Shen

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for missing data imputation by modeling the joint distribution of observed and unobserved variables. However, existing methods, typically based on stochastic denoising diffusion…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Youran Zhou , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

Diffusion models (DMs) have shown promise for Time-Series Data Imputation (TSDI); however, their performance remains inconsistent in complex scenarios. We attribute this to two primary obstacles: (1) non-stationary temporal dynamics, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhichao Chen , Hao Wang , Fangyikang Wang , Licheng Pan , Zhengnan Li , Yunfei Teng , Haoxuan Li , Zhouchen Lin

Diffusion models and flow-based methods have shown impressive generative capability, especially for images, but their sampling is expensive because it requires many iterative updates. We introduce W-Flow, a framework for training a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiaqi Han , Puheng Li , Qiushan Guo , Renyuan Xu , Stefano Ermon , Emmanuel J. Candès

Missing data can significantly hamper standard time series analysis, yet they occur frequently in applications. In this paper, we introduce temporal Wasserstein imputation, a novel method for imputing missing data in time series. Unlike…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-15 Shuo-Chieh Huang , Tengyuan Liang , Ruey S. Tsay

This article details a novel numerical scheme to approximate gradient flows for optimal transport (i.e. Wasserstein) metrics. These flows have proved useful to tackle theoretically and numerically non-linear diffusion equations that model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-10 Gabriel Peyré

Missing value imputation in machine learning is the task of estimating the missing values in the dataset accurately using available information. In this task, several deep generative modeling methods have been proposed and demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Shuhan Zheng , Nontawat Charoenphakdee

Many applications in machine learning involve data represented as probability distributions. The emergence of such data requires radically novel techniques to design tractable gradient flows on probability distributions over this type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Clément Bonet , Christophe Vauthier , Anna Korba

Diffusion and flow-based generative models have achieved remarkable success in domains such as image synthesis, video generation, and natural language modeling. In this work, we extend these advances to weight space learning by leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Daniel Saragih , Deyu Cao , Tejas Balaji

Solving ill-posed inverse problems requires powerful and flexible priors. We propose leveraging pretrained latent diffusion models for this task through a new training-free approach, termed Diffusion-regularized Wasserstein Gradient Flow…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-24 Tim Y. J. Wang , O. Deniz Akyildiz

Despite of its importance for safe machine learning, uncertainty quantification for neural networks is far from being solved. State-of-the-art approaches to estimate neural uncertainties are often hybrid, combining parametric models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Joachim Sicking , Maram Akila , Maximilian Pintz , Tim Wirtz , Asja Fischer , Stefan Wrobel

Diffusion models have rapidly become a vital part of deep generative architectures, given today's increasing demands. Obtaining large, high-performance diffusion models demands significant resources, highlighting their importance as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Sen Peng , Yufei Chen , Cong Wang , Xiaohua Jia

Generative models play an important role in missing data imputation in that they aim to learn the joint distribution of full data. However, applying advanced deep generative models (such as Diffusion models) to missing data imputation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hengrui Zhang , Liancheng Fang , Qitian Wu , Philip S. Yu

By building upon the recent theory that established the connection between implicit generative modeling (IGM) and optimal transport, in this study, we propose a novel parameter-free algorithm for learning the underlying distributions of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-12 Antoine Liutkus , Umut Şimşekli , Szymon Majewski , Alain Durmus , Fabian-Robert Stöter

We present a computationally efficient framework, called $\texttt{FlowDRO}$, for solving flow-based distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problems with Wasserstein uncertainty sets while aiming to find continuous worst-case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chen Xu , Jonghyeok Lee , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

The prevalence of missing values in data science poses a substantial risk to any further analyses. Despite a wealth of research, principled nonparametric methods to deal with general non-monotone missingness are still scarce. Instead,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-04 Gitte Kremling , Jeffrey Näf , Johannes Lederer

Various machine learning tasks, from generative modeling to domain adaptation, revolve around the concept of dataset transformation and manipulation. While various methods exist for transforming unlabeled datasets, principled methods to do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 David Alvarez-Melis , Nicolò Fusi

Missing data are ubiquitous in real world applications and, if not adequately handled, may lead to the loss of information and biased findings in downstream analysis. Particularly, high-dimensional incomplete data with a moderate sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Zongyu Dai , Zhiqi Bu , Qi Long

Recently, Deng et al. (2026) proposed Generative Modeling via Drifting (GMD), a novel framework for generative tasks. This note presents an analysis of GMD through the lens of Wasserstein Gradient Flows (WGF), i.e., the path of steepest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Arthur Gretton , Li Kevin Wenliang , Alexandre Galashov , James Thornton , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet

Incomplete data are common in real-world tabular applications, where numerical, categorical, and discrete attributes coexist within a single dataset. This heterogeneous structure presents significant challenges for existing diffusion-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Youran Zhou , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal
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