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We introduce and demonstrate a new approach to inference in expressive probabilistic programming languages based on particle Markov chain Monte Carlo. Our approach is simple to implement and easy to parallelize. It applies to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-10 Frank Wood , Jan Willem van de Meent , Vikash Mansinghka

Recent work in variational inference (VI) uses ideas from Monte Carlo estimation to tighten the lower bounds on the log-likelihood that are used as objectives. However, there is no systematic understanding of how optimizing different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Justin Domke , Daniel Sheldon

Visual programming languages (VPLs) allow users to create programs through graphical interfaces, which results in easier accessibility and their widespread usage in various domains. To further enhance this accessibility, recent research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Deokhyung Kang , Jeonghun Cho , Yejin Jeon , Sunbin Jang , Minsub Lee , Jawoon Cho , Gary Geunbae Lee

Bayesian inference involves the specification of a statistical model by a statistician or practitioner, with careful thought about what each parameter represents. This results in particularly interpretable models which can be used to…

Computation · Statistics 2019-08-07 Jonathan Law , Darren Wilkinson

This paper presents complexity analysis and variational methods for inference in probabilistic description logics featuring Boolean operators, quantification, qualified number restrictions, nominals, inverse roles and role hierarchies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-14 Fabio Gagliardi Cozman , Rodrigo Bellizia Polastro

Well-calibrated probabilistic regression models are a crucial learning component in robotics applications as datasets grow rapidly and tasks become more complex. Unfortunately, classical regression models are usually either probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Hany Abdulsamad , Peter Nickl , Pascal Klink , Jan Peters

Probabilistic programming is a growing area that strives to make statistical analysis more accessible, by separating probabilistic modelling from probabilistic inference. In practice this decoupling is difficult. No single inference…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Maria I. Gorinova

Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is arguably the dominant statistical inference algorithm used in most popular "first-order differentiable" Probabilistic Programming Languages (PPLs). However, the fact that HMC uses derivative information…

Computation · Statistics 2019-05-31 Bradley Gram-Hansen , Yuan Zhou , Tobias Kohn , Tom Rainforth , Hongseok Yang , Frank Wood

Advanced probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) using hybrid particle filtering combine symbolic exact inference and Monte Carlo methods to improve inference performance. These systems use heuristics to partition random variables within…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ellie Y. Cheng , Eric Atkinson , Guillaume Baudart , Louis Mandel , Michael Carbin

Data cleaning is naturally framed as probabilistic inference in a generative model of ground-truth data and likely errors, but the diversity of real-world error patterns and the hardness of inference make Bayesian approaches difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Alexander K. Lew , Monica Agrawal , David Sontag , Vikash K. Mansinghka

Differentiable programming has recently received much interest as a paradigm that facilitates taking gradients of computer programs. While the corresponding flexible gradient-based optimization approaches so far have been used predominantly…

The core principle of Variational Inference (VI) is to convert the statistical inference problem of computing complex posterior probability densities into a tractable optimization problem. This property enables VI to be faster than several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Ankush Ganguly , Sanjana Jain , Ukrit Watchareeruetai

Variational inference is a popular method for estimating model parameters and conditional distributions in hierarchical and mixed models, which arise frequently in many settings in the health, social, and biological sciences. Variational…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-10 Ted Westling , Tyler H. McCormick

Variational inference (VI) is a computationally efficient and scalable methodology for approximate Bayesian inference. It strikes a balance between accuracy of uncertainty quantification and practical tractability. It excels at generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-15 Alex Glyn-Davies , Arnaud Vadeboncoeur , O. Deniz Akyildiz , Ieva Kazlauskaite , Mark Girolami

Bayesian inference provides principled uncertainty quantification, but accurate posterior sampling with MCMC can be computationally prohibitive for modern applications. Variational inference (VI) offers a scalable alternative and often…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-14 Laura Battaglia , Stefano Cortinovis , Chris Holmes , David T. Frazier , Jack Jewson

Hierarchical models represent a challenging setting for inference algorithms. MCMC methods struggle to scale to large models with many local variables and observations, and variational inference (VI) may fail to provide accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Tomas Geffner , Justin Domke

Inference algorithms in probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) can be thought of as interpreters, since an inference algorithm traverses a model given evidence to answer a query. As with interpreters, we can improve the efficiency of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Rohin Shah , Emina Torlak , Rastislav Bodik

Variational inference has become a widely used method to approximate posteriors in complex latent variables models. However, deriving a variational inference algorithm generally requires significant model-specific analysis, and these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-03 Rajesh Ranganath , Sean Gerrish , David M. Blei

We study the foundations of variational inference, which frames posterior inference as an optimisation problem, for probabilistic programming. The dominant approach for optimisation in practice is stochastic gradient descent. In particular,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Basim Khajwal , C. -H. Luke Ong , Dominik Wagner

We develop a technique for generalising from data in which models are samplers represented as program text. We establish encouraging empirical results that suggest that Markov chain Monte Carlo probabilistic programming inference techniques…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Yura N. Perov , Frank D. Wood